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| A genetic change in a population of organisms that happens over time. |
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| An evolutionary modification that improves the chances of survival and reproductive success of the population in a given environment. |
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| Better-adapted individuals are more likely to survive and reproduce, increasing their proportion in the population.z |
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| A process of community development that involves a changing sequence of species. |
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| The first organisms to colonize (or recolonize) in an area. |
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| Ecological succession in an environment that has not previously been inhabited; initially no soil is present. |
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| Ecological succession in a previously inhabited environment that was exposed to some kind of disturbance; soil is already present. |
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| Any intimate relationship or association between members of two or more species. |
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| The interdependent evolution of two interacting species; symbiosis is a result of this. |
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| Species that are vital in determining the nature and structure of the entire ecosystem; species composition and ecosystem functioning. |
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| A symbolic relationship in which both partners benefit. |
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| A symbolic relationship in which one partner benefits and the other partner is unaffected. |
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| A symbolic relationship in which one partner-the parasite- obtains nutrients at the expense of the other- the host. |
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When a parasite causes disease and sometimes the death of the host. |
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The consumption of one species, the prey, by another, the predator. |
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| Intraspecific Competition |
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Definition
Competition among members of the same species. |
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Competition between members of different species. |
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| Every organism's own role within the structure and function of an ecosystem. |
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The local environment in which and organism lives. |
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| An environmental resource that, because it is scarce or unfavorable, restricts the ecological niche of an organism. |
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Coexisting species' niches differ from each other in one or more ways. |
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| The concept in which with identical living requirements can occupy the same ecological niche indefinetly. |
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