Term
an individual's capacity to resist these forces including conscience, internalized morality, religious principles, fear of punishment, senes of integrity, and the desire to be good. In other words, those with fewer bonds to society will be more deviant.
What is this called and who came up with it? |
|
Definition
| inner control systems, part of control theory by Hirschi |
|
|
Term
| He examined the treatment of all rape cases in a large midwestern city to assess the effects of race on criminal justice outcomes; results showed that the racial composition of the suspect-victim dyad influenced whether the suspect is formally charged with a crime and if they are imprisoned. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
threat of injury or force against people (aggravated assault, robery, forcible rape, murder
what kind of crime is this? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most frequent type of crime |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| serious crimes, punishable by a year or more of imprisonment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| less serious crimes punishable by less than a year of imprisonment (public drunkenness, speeding, or shop lifting |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| crimes that often occur in public settings; they are routinely reported by the FBI and are often given media attention |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| crimes committed by a collection of criminals who regulate criminal behavior among themselves |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the theory of deviance that maintains it clarifies moral boundaries, contributes to social cohesion and promotes social unity, affirms cultural values and norms, and can promote social and necessary change. |
|
Definition
| functional view of deviance |
|
|
Term
| theory that supports the assertion that deviance tends to occur when members of a society reject culturally prescribed goals and/or do not believe they can achieve them in socially prescribed ways, some form of deviance is likely to occur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this view/theory of deviance argues that social status and power influence what is considered deviant and how it is treated |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this theory of deviance argues that deviance is relative and any act becomes deviant only when labeled as deviant by others; there are two main kinds of deviance in this perspective, primary (occasional deviance that does not affect an individual's performance of roles or self-image) and secondary deviance (deliberate deviance where the person committing the act also recognizes it as deviance) |
|
Definition
| Labeling theory/ interactionist view |
|
|
Term
| a distinctive social characteristic or attribute identifying its owner as socially unacceptable or disgraced (like eating disorders or AIDS) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
a view of what is morally correct that they recognize is limited to people in that situation and is widely rejected by the larger society
Ex: eating people just because= immoral
eating people because you are stranded on a mountain with only a few survivors and a lot of dead people but nothing else to consume to stay alive= kinda acceptable given the situation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| crimes used by FBI as summary measures of overall crime rates |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the exclusion or banning of a person from the normal activities of a group |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a from of deviance in which a person rejects the goals and means for achieving them but offers no alternatives |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
crimes only because of the "status" of the people who commit them
Ex: drinking alcohol when at an age below the legal drinking age |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| acts viewed as crimes in and of themselves even though they may not impose suffering on others |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a system of stratification in which one's social status is determined completely by birthright and is irrevocable |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a stratification system in which social standing is based on an extended network of relatives |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
argued that a single economic dimension is the basis of social stratification
(proletariat, bourgeoisie) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| expands Marx's basic model of stratification, maintaining the basic disinction between worker and capitalist, but recognizing the need for two additional categories of petty bourgeoisie and managers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| argued there are three important dimensions of stratification: class, status, and power... had a multidimensional view of social stratification leading to a view of inequality based on several different dimensions leading modern sociologists to develop the concepts of SES and status consistency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| theory that takes the view that progress could be made in poor countries through diffusion of technological innovations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| theories that argue rich industrialized countries countries keep poor countries underdeveloped and dependent on them to serve their own needs |
|
Definition
| dependency theories (like World-System theory) |
|
|
Term
the most dependent countries in the world-system theory, having low levels of industrialization, weal secondary and tertiary sectors of their economy with most of their production in the primary sector, high levels of investment from other countries, and unable to ward off interference in their internal politics by other countries
(includes third-world countries such as Zimbabwe, Bangladesh) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
the dominant countries in the world-system theory, having high levels of industrialization, strong secondary and tertiary sectors of the economy, high levels of political autonomy to pursue their own interests, and heavy investments in other countries
(includes US, Germany, Japan) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
the countries between the core countries and peripheral countries, having intermediate levels of industrialization, some development in their secondary and tertiary sectors, and greater autonomy than peripheral countries
(Brazil, Greece, Spain) |
|
Definition
| semi-peripheral countries |
|
|
