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Economics FInal
N/A
40
Economics
11th Grade
12/12/2014

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Term
Surplus
Definition
Exists when the quantity supplied
exceeds the quantity demanded
Term
Economies of Scale
Definition
When a seller’s large scale or size, allows
it to use its human, capital and other
resources most efficiently and
economically than if those resources were
divided among several smaller producers
Term
Producers
Definition
People who make things to satisfy wants
and needs:
Term
VC divided by MP divided by LI
Definition
The formula used to figure marginal cost
is
Term
Pizza
Definition
The example of elastic demand is:
Term
Standard of living
Definition
People’s economic well-being
Term
Utility
Definition
Means usefulness
Term
Marginal cost
Definition
Additional cost of producing one more
unit of output is
Term
Rationing
Definition
A system of government or other
institution decides how do distribute a
product
Term
Law of demand
Definition
State that an increase in a good’s price
causes a decrease in quantity demanded
and that a decrease in a good’s price
causes an increase in quantity
demanded:
Term
Determinants
Definition
Non-price factors of supply are also know
as
Term
Curves
Definition
Graphs are also known as
Term
Oligopoly
Definition
Market which a few large sellers control
most of the production of a good or
service:
Term
Marginal product
Definition
The change of output by adding one more
unit of input:
Term
Capitalism
Definition
The economy where individuals own the
factors of production:
Term
Depreciation
Definition
The lessening of value:
Term
Free enterprise
Definition
A system which business can be
conducted freely with little government
interference:
Term
Price ceiling
Definition
Government regulation placing a
maximum price on goods and services
Term
Microeconomics
Definition
The study of choices made by economic
actors such as household companies and
individual companies:
Term
Market economy
Definition
A type of economy where individuals
answer the three basic economic
questions:
Term
Consumers
Definition
People who decide to buy things are
Term
Money
Definition
Standardized means of exchange:
Term
Scarcity
Definition
Unlimited needs and wants and limited
resources is known as
Term
Diminishing marginal utility
Definition
Additional utility of each unit diminishes
with each unit is
Term
Demand
Definition
The amount a good or service that a
consumer is willing and able to buy at
various prices
Term
Income effect
Definition
Any increase or decrease in a consumer’s
purchasing power caused by a change in
price
Term
Purchasing Power
Definition
The amount of money or income that
people have available to spend on goods
and services
Term
Subsidies
Definition
Payments to private business by the
government
Term
Market Equilibrium
Definition
The situation that occurs when the
quantity supplied and the quantity
demanded for a product are at the same
price
Term
Market Failure
Definition
Price system failing to account for some
costs and thus cannot distribute them
appropriately
Term
Shortage
Definition
Exists when the quantity demanded
exceeds the quantity supplied
Term
Salt
Definition
An example of inelastic demand is:
Term
Cost of production
Definition
Cost that include wages, rent, interests on
loans, utility bills are:
Term
Total revenue
Definition
Another name for total receipts:
Term
Elastic supply
Definition
Exists when a small change in a price
causes a major change in the quantity
supplied:
Term
Inelastic Demand
Definition
Exists when a small change in a good’s
price has little impact on the quantity
demanded
Term
Price Floor
Definition
Government regulation placing a
minimum price on goods or services:
Term
Supply
Definition
Quantity of goods and services that
producers are willing to offer at various
possible prices during a given period of
time
Term
Quantity supplied
Definition
Quantity of goods and services that
producers are willing to offer at particular
prices
Term
Monopolistic competition
Definition
Competition where sellers offer different
prices:
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