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Economics Final Review
Final Exam Review Cards
42
Economics
12th Grade
06/08/2009

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Term
Capitalism, Socialism
Definition
Name the 2 major economic systems
Term
Scarcity of resources
Definition
The basic promble of economics is
Term
Land, labor, capital, entrepeneurship
Definition
Name the 4 factors of production
Term
individuals
Definition
in capitalism, facorts of production are owned by
Term
economic system
Definition
the way in which a country uses its resources to satifsy its needs is called it's
Term
capitalism
Definition
economic system that places its high value on individual enterprise is
Term
mortgage
Definition
debt owned on property
Term
lease
Definition
describes rights of tenants and of landlords
Term
comparison shopping
Definition
gathering of information from different sources before making a purchase
Term
under 25
Definition
what age group pays highest insurance premiums
Term
interest
Definition
when you take out a loan or buy something on credit, you have gone into debt and must pay back the debt plus
Term
prime rate
Definition
interest rate charged to banks best customers is
Term
principle
Definition
total amount of money you borrow from a bank is called the
Term
fiat
Definition
all U.S. money is ______ by law
Term
medium of exchange, unit of account, store of value
Definition
name the 3 functions of money
Term
regulate money supply
Definition
what is the main job of the federal reserve
Term
bond
Definition
loan to a government or company that earns you interest
Term
elderly
Definition
inflation is a serious problem for the
Term
depreciation
Definition
a decline in value over time is called
Term
dividends
Definition
profits of a company distributed to stockholders
Term
dividend
Definition
preferred stock gives you a yearly
Term
sole proprietorship
Definition
oldest, most common type of business
Term
corporation
Definition
largest amount of business is done by this
Term
gross domestic product (GDP)
Definition
broadest measure of the economy
Term
dollars
Definition
gdp is always expressed in
Term
unlimited liability
Definition
responsibility for all debts of a business
Term
make a profit
Definition
principle incentive to go into business is to
Term
price
Definition
the quantity demanded depends mostly on
Term
law of demand
Definition
quantity and price move in the opposite direction
Term
prices
Definition
higher _____ prompt manufacturers to produce more
Term
equilibrium
Definition
the point of meeting where supply and demand meet
Term
supply side economics
Definition
economic theory that concentrates on the provision of goods and services is called
Term
diminishing marginal utility
Definition
when you receive less satisfaction from each additional unit purchased this is called
Term
progressive
Definition
tax that increases as your income goes up is
Term
regressive
Definition
tax that takes a lower percentage of income is
Term
proportional
Definition
when everyone pays the same percentage of their income is
Term
benefits received, ability to pay
Definition
name the 2 principles of taxation
Term
excise tax
Definition
tax on certain goods
Term
balance of trade
Definition
difference between a nations imports and exports
Term
tariff
Definition
tax on imports
Term
comparitave advantage
Definition
a nations ability to produce goods at a lower opportunity cost is called its
Term
protectionists
Definition
those who argue jobs will be lost without trade restrictions are called
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