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Economics Final Exam
Test Questions
19
Economics
10th Grade
06/08/2009

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Term
Command Economy
Definition
Central Government makes all decisions on the production and consumption of goods and services
Term
Traditional Economy
Definition
Economic system that relies on habit, custom, or ritual to decide question of production and consumption of goods and services
Term
Determinants of Demand
Definition
  • Tastes and Fades
  • # of Buyers in the market
  • Price and availability of complements
  • Price and availability of substitutes
  • Future price expectations
  • Consumer income
Term
Determinants of Supply
Definition
  • Changes in Price and availability of productive resources
  • Technology
  • # of Sellers in the market
  • Price of other goods that could be produced
  • Tax policies
Term
Law of supply
Definition
Increase in price = increase in supply
Term
Law of Demand
Definition
As price goes up, demand goes down
Term
Price Ceiling
Definition
  • Cannot go above
  • Prevent you from going up
  • Keeps price from going up
  • Price ceiling is set below equilibrium
Term
Price Floor
Definition
  • Set above equilibrium
  • Cannot go below
  • Prevents you from going down
  • Keeps price from going down
Term
Equilibrium price and quantity
Definition
When supply and demand meet
Term
Roles of the Government
Definition
  • Provide a legal system
  • Provide public goods and services
  • Correct Market Failures
  • Maintain competition
  • Redistribute income
  • Stabilize the economy
Term
Efficiency
Definition
Doing as much as you can with what you have.
Term
Broad Social Goals
Definition
  • Equity
  • Efficiency
  • Growth
  • Freedom
  • Security
  • Stability
Term
Scarcity of Resource
Definition
  • Availability
  • Anything with an opportunity cost
  • Anything with a price
  • If it is made out of a scarce resource
  • Limited quantity
Term
Barriers to Trade
Definition
  • Import Quotas
    • Limit on amount of imports
  • Subsidies
    • Government pays domestic company
  • tariffs
    • Taxes on imports
Term
GDP
Definition
The market value of final goods and services produced in a country within a given year
Term
Fiscal Policy
Definition
The government spending
Term
Monetary Policy
Definition
The Fed
Term
Exports count in GDP
Definition
Anything produced in a foreign country does not count in GNP
Term
Scarcity
Definition
1 less than desired amount
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