Term
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Definition
| Pea Family, single chambered pods |
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Term
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Definition
| Nitrogen fixing bacteria, give nitrate to plants and get sugar back |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
7000 yrs of cultivation
Mediterranean/Middle East |
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Term
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Definition
China/Japan/Korea
3000 yrs of cultivation
100 tons harvested |
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Term
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Definition
C/S America
3500 yrs of cultivation
2-3 seeds per pod
Virginia & Spanish types
30 million tons a year
stalk elongates after pollination |
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Term
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Definition
India/Africa/S America
Lima Bean, Chick Pea, Black Gram, Mung Bean, Pidgeon Pea
Lentils from Near East make dahl, drought intolerant |
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Term
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Definition
Arabian Peninsula
St. John's Bread rich in protein/sugar
Used as stabilizer/thickener |
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Term
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Definition
High quality protein
naturally increases soil nitrogen
clovers/alfalfa |
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Term
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Definition
| Types: Bulb, Rhizome, Tuber, Corm |
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Term
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Definition
Monocot, Lily Family
Onion, Garlic
Central Asia/New East |
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Term
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Definition
Tomato Family
Andes Mountains of S America
Derived from a single cultivar |
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Term
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Definition
Monocot
West Africa
Cush Cush Yam (C America)
N American Yams are sweet potatoes |
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Term
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Definition
Monocot
Taro
Indian Subcontinent
1000s of years in SE Asia |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Mexico/NE Brazil
1/3 of Africa's calorie intake
Poisonous glyrosides removed by boiling
Can be fermented |
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Term
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Definition
C/S America
4500 yrs of cultivation
Called Yams but not
Susceptible to pathogen/insects |
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Term
|
Definition
Biennial
Store carbs first year, 2nd year it blooms |
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Term
|
Definition
Carrots, Parsnip (Europe/C Asia)
centuries of cultivation |
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Term
|
Definition
Beet/Sugar Beet (Europe/W Asia)
Napoleonic Wars |
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Term
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Definition
Turnips. Rutabaga (Europe)
Winter food source
Radish (Eurasia) |
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Term
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Definition
| Mustard & Sunflower Family |
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Term
|
Definition
Temperate Regions
Oil Seed
(S Europe) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Cabbage, Broccoli, Brussel Sprouts, Cauliflower, Kohlorabi, Kale |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pak Choi, Chinese Flowerin Cabbage, Celery Cabbage |
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Term
|
Definition
Lettuce (Mediterranean)
6000 yrs of cultivation
heading/iceberg types
endive, artichoke |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Goosefoot Family (Green Vegetables) |
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Definition
Swiss Chard, Beet Green
Spinach (SW Asia) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Asparagus (Ancient Egypt) |
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Term
|
Definition
Hide smell/taste
2000 yrs of cultivation
(Mediterranean)
Venice important to spice trade
Spice Trade (India/Near East/Europe)
exchanged goods for spice
Portuguese monopoly broken by British/Dutch |
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Term
Temperate Spice Regions
Mint Family |
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Definition
Dicot, perennial, woody
(Mediterranean)
Rosemary, Thyme, Oregano, Marjoram, Basil, Sage, Mints |
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Term
Temperate Spice Regions
Carrot Family |
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Definition
Musty, Pungent
Parsley (S Europe)
Dill (W Asia) |
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Term
|
Definition
Black/Brown/White
Make pastes |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
(Mediterranean)
Used for Olympic crowns |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Indonesia
100,000 tons annually |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Perennial
Orchid Family
C/S America |
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Term
|
Definition
Ginger Family
Herbaceous Perennial
South Asia
Colouring Agent/Anticeptic
India (greatest producer) |
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Term
|
Definition
Cabbage Family
Aquatic Perennial
Europe/C Asia
Grown in water
Plastic bags processed in Europe
Leaves used for food |
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Term
|
Definition
Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Contains Cellulose |
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Term
|
Definition
Anaerobic Fermentation
Renewable Resource
Add/Replace Gasoline
Corn in US 1.3x input
Sugar Cane in Brazil 8x input |
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Term
|
Definition
Perennial
First grown in Mediterranean
slave trade
"Sugar Triangle" importance |
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Term
|
Definition
Biennial
Harvested after 2nd year
300 yrs of cultivation
250 mil tons of sugar annually
Russia/Germany/US producers |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Tropical Asia
Male & Female clusters
Male cut off to tap
1800L annually |
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Term
|
Definition
India/SE Asia
Separate Male/female
Male tapped, Female fruit
25,000L a year |
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Term
|
Definition
Paraguay
Perennial Herb
Sunflower Family
300x sweeter than sucrose |
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Term
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Definition
W Africa
glycoprotein miraculin
binds tastebuds, makes salts sweet |
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Term
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Definition
Saturated or Unsaturated
Sat: no double bond
Unsat: double bonds
Hydrogenation: eliminates double bond
Unsaturated: Omega-3 & 6 acids (good) |
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Term
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Definition
2000 yrs of cultivation
Saponification
water insoluable |
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Term
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Definition
| Germany = 2.5 units put in to get back 1 |
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Term
|
Definition
Rapeseed/Canola/Rutabaga/Rapekale
30 yrs ago, made in UofM
important to Canada/Europe |
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Term
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Definition
W US
2000 yrs of cultivation
drought tolerant
annual |
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Term
|
Definition
Mediterranean
Annual
8000 yrs of cultivation
cold pressing
o3 & o6 |
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Term
|
Definition
Mediterranean
Can't tolerate freezing
"virgin" oil or "extra virgin" oil |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
S America
Bean/Pea Family
Annual |
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Term
|
Definition
Mexico
7500 yrs
Annual
Polyunsaturate |
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Term
|
Definition
Bean/Pea Family
3000 yrs ago
100 mil tons |
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Term
|
Definition
Middle East
Sunflower Family
No longer in the wild |
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Term
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Definition
W Africa
Male/Female on the same plant
Female = 100s of fruits
high in saturated fat |
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Term
|
Definition
Malaysia
3000 yrs ago
High in saturated fat
4000 billion per year |
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Term
|
Definition
SE Asia
paint/varnish
eleostearic acid
highly unsaturated |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
NW Mexico/US
Separate Male/Female |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Amazon Rain forests of S America
Vulcanization (makes stronger/better stretch)
40% from natural sources per year
used in games by early Europeans |
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Term
|
Definition
| Important rubber producer until Radial Tires |
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Term
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Definition
SW US
Sunflower Family
Hypoallergenic |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
C&S America
Used for gum
sweeter than current gum |
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Term
|
Definition
C&S America
Similar to Gutta
used for golf balls |
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Term
|
Definition
Retting - extract soft stem fiber
Decortication - hard stem fiber
Ginning - Seed cotton fiber |
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Term
|
Definition
Perennial
10000 yr old cloth found in Peru
5000 yr old found in SE Asia |
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Term
|
Definition
Retting used
Jute (Herb)
Flax (2-3x better than cotton)
Hemp (marijuana)
Ramie (hard to harvest) |
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