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Economic Activity
Chapter 2 vocab and descriptions
32
Business
10th Grade
09/06/2011

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Term
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
Definition
is the total dollar value of all final goods and services produced in a country during one year. 
Term
GDP Per capita (output per person) 
Definition

A way to measure economic growth. 

[dividing GDP by total population] 

Term
unemployment rate 
Definition
how many people in the labor force who are not working.  
Term
Productivity 
Definition
output in relation to a unit of input (workers) 
Term
personal income 
Definition
salaries and wages as well as investment income and government payments to individuals. 
Term
retail sales 
Definition
sales of durable and nondurable goods bought by consumers. 
Term
Business cycle 
Definition
A movement of economy from one condition to another and back around again. (Are the recurring ups and downs of GDP) 
Term
What are the Business Cycle Phases? 
Definition
Prosperity, recession, depression, and recovery. 
Term
Prosperity 
Definition
Is when the Business cycle is at its peak. Everyone who wants to work is working. Businesses are producing goods and services money is good and GDP is increasing 
Term
Recession 
Definition
When economy slows down. (Demands decrease, businesses lower production, unemployment increases, and GDP slows for 2 or more quarters of calendar. 
Term
Depression 
Definition
high unemployment, weak consumers sales, and business failures. GDP is falling fast. 
Term
Recovery 
Definition
Unemployment starts to decrease, Demands for goods and services increase, and GDP starts to rise again. 
Term
Inflation 
Definition
When prices go up. 
Term
Price index
Definition
A number that compares prices in one year with some earlier based year. 
Term
Deflation 
Definition
Prices go down. Usually happens in Recession and depression. 
Term
Prime rate
Definition
Is the rate banks make available to their best business customers. (large corporations)
Term
Discount rate
Definition
Rate financial institutions(bank) are charged to borrow funds from federal reserve banks (mother of all banks).  
Term
T-Bill rate 
Definition
short term For the government 
Term
Treasury bond rate 
Definition
Long term government debt obligations.  
Term
Mortgage 
Definition
Money borrowed for a house. 
Term
Corporate rate 
Definition
cost of borrowing for large U.S. corporation 
Term
certificate of deposit bond rate. 
Definition

When u let bank borrow money from you by bond and interest higher.

(rate for six-month time deposits at saving institution)

Term
Capital Spending
Definition
Is when businesses spend money that will be used for a long time. 
Term
Capital projects 
Definition
when businesses are spending money on land, buildings, equipment, and new products. 
Term
What are the three main sources that money comes from.  
Definition
Personal Saving, Stock investments, Bonds. 
Term
Stock 
Definition

Represents ownership om a corporation 

(equity = ownership)

Term
bond
Definition
Debt for an organization 
Term
budget surplus
Definition
happens when a government spends less than it takes.
Term
budget deficit 
Definition
When a government spends more then it takes in. 
Term
national debt 
Definition
Total amount owed by the federal government 
Term
business debt -
Definition
Most companies use debt at times 
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