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ecology
organism
38
Science
7th Grade
04/25/2006

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Term
ORGANISM
Definition
An individual living thing
Term
SPECIES
Definition
A group of organisms that are able to reproduce together and that resemble others in appearance , behavior and internal structure
Term
POPULATION
Definition
Organisms of the same species living together in a particular plaace.
Term
COMMUNITY
Definition
Different populations of plants and animals living together in an area.
Term
ENVIRONMENT
Definition
The surroundings of an organism that affect its life and development.
Term
Host
Definition
an organism infected by a parasite
Term
Commensalism
Definition
a relationship between two types of organisms in which one organism benefits while the other is not affected
Term
Mutualism
Definition
a relationship between two types of organisms in which both organisms benefit
Term
Energy
Definition
the capacity to do work
Term
Habitat
Definition
where a population lives in an ecosystem
Term
ECOSYSTEM
Definition
The combination of all living things in a community and its nonliving or physical environment.
Term
Niche
Definition
the function an organism plays in the habitat
Term
Producer
Definition
organisms that make their own food (green plants)
Term
ECOLOGY
Definition
The study of th relationship between organisms and their environments
Term
Consumer
Definition
organisms that eat other organisms for food
Term
POPULATION DENSITY
Definition
The number of organisms per unit of living space.
Term
Herbivore
Definition
consumers that eat only producers (plants)
Term
Omnivores
Definition
consumers that eat both plants and animals
Term
ABIOTIC FACTORS
Definition
The nonliving parts of an ecosystem
Term
Scavengers
Definition
consumers that eat animals that are already dead
Term
BIOTIC FACTORS
Definition
The living part of an ecosystem
Term
Food Chain
Definition
the way energy is transferred through a community
Term
Food Web
Definition
all of the feeding relationships in an ecosystem
Term
BIOTIC POTENTIAL
Definition
The number of individuals that could be produced under the best possible conditions.
Term
LIMITING FACTORS
Definition
Factors that prevent a popultion from reaching its full potential
Term
Food Pyramid
Definition
a diagram showing the flow of energy through an ecosystem showing a loss of energy from one consumer level to the next
Term
PREDATION
Definition
When one organism kills and eats another.
Term
Decomposers
Definition
consumers that get food by breaking down dead organisms causing them to rot.
Term
PREDATOR
Definition
An animal that hunts and eats oher animals.
Term
Succession
Definition
a gradual orderly change of a species in a community over time
Term
PREY
Definition
An animal eaten by a predator.
Term
Primary Succession
Definition
succession occuring on land recently exposed by a melting glacier or on lava fields created by a volcano
Term
Pioneer Plants
Definition
the first living things to develop in a previously lifeless area
Term
PARASITISM
Definition
A relationship between to types of organisms in which one organism benefits while the other one is harmed.
Term
Climax Community
Definition
the final stage of succession
Term
Secondary Succession
Definition
the gradual return of a disturbed area to its former communities (ex. after a fire)
Term
PARASITE
Definition
An organism that lives in or on another organism and is harmful to that organism (the harmed organism is called the host)
Term
Carnivore
Definition
consumers that eat other animals
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