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Ecology
Living Environment Vocabulary for Ecology Unit
45
Biology
10th Grade
05/23/2011

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Term
abiotic
Definition
nonliving parts of the environment
Term
autotroph
Definition
an organism that produces its own food; the source of energy for all other living things on earth
Term
biodiversity
Definition
the variety of species in an area
Term
biosphere
Definition
all of Earth's ecosystems, collectively; the biologically inhabited portions of Earth, including all the water, land, and air in which organisms survive.
Term
biotic
Definition
the living parts of the environment
Term
carnivore
Definition
an organism that survives by eating animals
Term
carrying capacity
Definition
the largest population of any single species that an area can support
Term
community
Definition
a combination of all the different populations that live and interact in the same environment.
Term
competition
Definition
the struggle between organisms for the same limited resources in a particular area
Term
consumer
Definition
an organism that obtains its energy from producers
Term
decomposer
Definition
an organism, generally a bacterium or fungus, that consumes dead organisms and organic waste
Term
ecological niche
Definition
the specific role played by an organism or a population of organisms in the ecosystem
Term
ecological succession
Definition
the process by which an existing community is replaced by another community
Term
ecology
Definition
the study of how living things interact with one another and with their environment
Term
ecosystem
Definition
all the living and nonliving things that exist in a specific area; a subdivision of the environment
Term
energy pyramid
Definition
a diagram showing how food energy moves through the ecosystem
Term
environment
Definition
every living and nonliving thing that surrounds an organism
Term
finite
Definition
limited; able to be used up; opposite of infinite
Term
food chain
Definition
a representation that identifies the specific feeding relationships among organisms
Term
habitat
Definition
the place where an animal or plant lives
Term
herbivore
Definition
an organism that eats only plants
Term
heterotroph
Definition
organism that cannot make its own food; a consumer
Term
host
Definition
the organism in a parasitic relationship that provides a home / or food for the parasite
Term
limiting factors
Definition
any factor in an environment that limits the size of a population
Term
parasite
Definition
an organism that survives by living and feeding on other organisms
Term
population
Definition
all the individuals of a single species that live in a specific area
Term
predator
Definition
an animal that hunts and kills other animals for food
Term
prey
Definition
an animal that is hunted and killed by predators
Term
producers
Definition
an organism that makes its own food from light energy and inorganic materials
Term
scavenger
Definition
a carnivore that feeds on the bodies of dead organisms
Term
deforestation
Definition
forest destruction that results from human activity
Term
deforestation
Definition
forest destruction that results from human activity
Term
direct harvesting
Definition
the destruction of an organism, or the removal of an organism from its habitat
Term
energy flow
Definition
the movement of energy through an ecosystem
Term
fossil fuel
Definition
a fuel, such as coal or gas, that comes from the remains of organisms that lived millions of years ago
Term
global warming
Definition
an increase of earths average surface temperature caused by an increase in greenhouse gases
Term
industrialization
Definition
the process of converting an economy into one of which large-scale manufacturing is the primary economic base
Term
nonrenewable resource
Definition
any resource, such as fossil fuels and minerals, that cannot be replaced
Term
nuclear fuel
Definition
an energy source that results that results from splitting atoms
Term
ozone shield
Definition
the layer of ozone gas in the upper atmosphere that protects Earth from some of the sun's radiation
Term
pollution
Definition
a harmful change in the chemical makeup of the soil, water, or air
Term
renewable resource
Definition
Earth's resources, such as our food supply and solar energy, which, given time, can be replaced
Term
technology
Definition
all of the practical scientific knowledge that has been used to meet human needs
Term
trade-off
Definition
an exchange or agreement made to reach a compromise
Term
water cycle
Definition
the process by which water continuously moves from Earths surface to the atmosphere and back
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