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Ecology Unit
Ecology Unit Flashcards
45
Biology
9th Grade
10/11/2012

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Term
Ecosystems
Definition
Biological environment consisting of the organisms in an area and the abiotic factors with which they interact
Term
organisms
Definition
a living thing
Term
abiotic
Definition
nonliving
Term
biomes
Definition
a large region characteized by climate, rainfall and plant and animal communities
Term
Tundra
Definition
biome with cold temperatures and moderate rainfall
Term
Deserts
Definition
biome with extremely low rainfall
Term
Mountain Zones
Definition
high elevation biome
Term
Temperate Forests
Definition
biome with moderate temperature and high rainfall
Term
Temperate Grasslands
Definition
biome with moderate temperature and rainfall
Term
Tropical Forests
Definition
biome with high temperature and rainfall
Term
Savannas
Definition
biome with high temperature and moderate rainfall
Term
estuaries
Definition
areas where rivers enter salt water
Term
wetlands
Definition
ecosystems with shallow or seasonal water
Term
carbon cycle
Definition
the movement of carbon through living and nonliving things
Term
photosynthesis
Definition
the process by which plants capture carbon from the atmosphere
Term
respiration
Definition
the process by which organisms release carbon into the atmosphere
Term
sedimentation
Definition
the process by which material settles on the bottom of bodies of water
Term
lithification
Definition
the process by which rocks are formed
Term
water cycle
Definition
the movement of water through various forms
Term
evaporation
Definition
liquids changing to gas
Term
condensation
Definition
gases changing to liquid
Term
precipitation
Definition
rain, sleet, snow, hail
Term
run-off
Definition
the process by which precipitation flows down hill
Term
nitrogen cycle
Definition
the movement of nitrogen through various forms
Term
nitrogen fixation
Definition
the process by which microorganisms turn nitrogen in the atmosphere into molecules in the soil that plants can use
Term
primary consumers,
Definition
organisms that eat producers
Term
secondary consumers
Definition
organisms that eat consumers
Term
decomposition.
Definition
the breaking down of organisms
Term
mixtures
Definition
substances made of 2 or more kinds of particles
Term
Molecules
Definition
the smallest pieces of matter that retain the properties of compounds
Term
essential elements for life
Definition
hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, calcium and phosphorous
Term
trophic levels
Definition
steps in a food chain or energy pyramid, examples are producers and consumers
Term
producers
Definition
organisms that use sunlight to get nutrients from nonliving matter
Term
decomposers
Definition
organisms that break down dead organisms
Term
Food webs
Definition
a diagram that shows feeding relationships
Term
invasive species
Definition
a species that is new to an environment and disrupts existing equilibriums
Term
Tragedy of the Commons
Definition
the disruption of a resource that is not private, due to people or countries trying to get what they can from it before others get what they can
Term
feedback
Definition
part of cycle in which information or stuff affects an earlier part of the cycle
Term
reinforcing feedback
Definition
feedback that turns a small change into a bigger change
Term
balancing feedback
Definition
feedback that brings a process toward equilibrium
Term
observations
Definition
information gathered directly from the senses
Term
equilibrium
Definition
a state in which inputs are equal to outputs
Term
carrying capacity
Definition
the largest population that an environment can support in equilibrium
Term
inferences
Definition
deductions or conclusions
Term
scientific models
Definition
a simplified representation
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