Term
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Definition
- Group of ORGANISMS
- can INTERBREED and produce FERTILE young
Eg Homo Sapiens |
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Term
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Definition
-Group of ORGANISMS of the same SPECIES
- Living in the same AREA at the same TIME
Eg Sparrows in a garden |
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Term
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Definition
-Group of POPULATIONS
- Living and interacting in a HABITAT
eg Plants + Animals in a forest |
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Term
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Definition
-COMMUNITY + ABIOTIC environment
eg Plants + Animals + environment in rainforest |
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Term
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Definition
physical, non living
eg light, CO2 levels, wave action |
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Term
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Definition
Total area where living things are found
Thin layer - surface of earth |
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Term
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Definition
Living
eg food supply, parasites, predators, disease |
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Term
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Definition
| biotic + abiotic factors affecting organisms |
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Term
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Definition
environment where certain species are found, organisms live here
eg slaters in damp wood |
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Term
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Definition
(morphological) structures that allow organism to survive
eg wings, teeth, flowers |
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Term
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Definition
(physiological) PROCESSES that allow organism to survive
eg ability to photosynthesise, digest, produce nectar |
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Term
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Definition
Behaviors that organisms do to survive
eg mating, web spinning, nest building |
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Term
| Interspecific Competition |
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Definition
Competition between species for something in short supply
eg snail and slugs competing for lettuce leaf |
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Term
| Intraspecific Competition |
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Definition
Competition for something in short supply between members of the SAME species
eg snails competing for lettuce leaf |
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Term
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Definition
| When two species have the same ecological niche they cannot co-exist |
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Term
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Definition
-Kingdom
- unicellular, have nuclei and membrane bound organelles, circular DNA
eg bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
-Kingdom
-Unicellular (some multicellular), eukaryotic)have membrane bound organelles)
-auto or hetertrophic, live in water
eg amoeba |
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Term
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Definition
eukaryotic filamentous or unicellular
heterotrophic
cell walls made of chitin
eg yeasts, mushrooms |
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Term
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Definition
eukaryotic, multicellular, photosynthetic, autotrophic, cell walls of cellulose
eg mosses, ferns |
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Term
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Definition
Kingdom
eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophic, often motile |
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Term
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Definition
(births per 1000 per year)
birth rate = births per year/total pop x1000 |
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Term
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Definition
death rate (per 1000 per year)
deaths per year/total pop x1000 |
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Term
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Definition
number of individuals of a population per UNIT AREA/ UNIT VOLUME
eg elephants per square km
bacteria per square mm of skin |
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Term
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Definition
percentage of population in each age class
pre-reproductive, reproductive, post reproductive |
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Term
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Definition
way organisms are spread around an area
clumped (eg mussels on a rock)
random (rare)
regular (animals holding +marking territories) |
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Term
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Definition
used to estimate total size of population
enough samples must be taken
sample area must be random |
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Term
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Definition
sample area
used for organisms that don't move much
quadrat size is important |
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Term
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Definition
line marked across area
samples recorded at intervals
often combined with quadrats |
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Term
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Definition
estimates size of moving populations
no in 1st sample x no in 2nd sample/ no marked animals in 2nd sample |
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Term
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Definition
Factors:
Births + Immigration = Deaths + Emigration
Balance between REPRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL
and ENVIRONMENTAL RESISTANCE |
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Term
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Definition
| maximum offspring a species can have |
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Term
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Definition
Way an environment presses on a population
eg lack of food, water, space |
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Term
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Definition
| Maximum number of individuals of species supported by environment |
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Term
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Definition
| Organisms are free to move |
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Term
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Definition
| Organisms confined to defined area |
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Term
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Definition
S-shaped
Exponential Growth phase - numbers increase rapidly
Transitional Phase - environment changes suddenly and individuals begin to die
Plateau - number reaches carrying capacity and levels off |
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Term
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Definition
slow start
sudden burst of growth
eg human growth curve |
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Term
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Definition
food water and space limited and run out
toxic waste poisons population
sudden growth then crash |
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Term
| Established Population Curve |
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Definition
Grows to carrying capacity
population fluctuates above and below carrying capacity |
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