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| where all living organisms are located. It is divided into ecosystems |
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| a set of living organisms working with each other and their environment |
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| the study of ecosystems and how they work |
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| made up of non-living things that also affect an ecosystem |
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| examples of ABIOTIC factors |
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Definition
| water, air, sun, soil, nutrients, temperature |
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| examples of BIOTIC factors |
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Definition
| animals, plants, micororganisms |
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| species, population, community |
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Definition
| 3 descriptions of groups ecologists use for living organisms |
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| all the same kind of organism |
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| # of organisms of the same species in an ecosystem |
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| all the populations in a given area |
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| place where an organism lives and gets the resources it needs |
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| an organism's job: what it eats, how it gets its food, how it affects other things |
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make their own food
examples: plants, some bacteria, some algae |
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eat other organisms for food (alive or recently dead)
examples: herbivores - eat plants only
carnivores - eat animals only
omnivores - eat both plant and animals |
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| plants take in sunlight, water & carbon dioxide and in the process create sugar and oxygen |
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| chemical equation for photosynthesis |
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sun + H20 + CO2 ---> C6 H12 O6 + O2
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must eat other organisms for food (that has been dead and has started to decompose)
EXAMPLES: fungi, termites, worms (some), bacteria (some), slime mold |
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| 3 characteristics of Population |
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Definition
space - how far apart populations are
size - # of organisms that make up a populations (depends on birth and death rate)
density - how many organisms are in a given area |
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resources that run out
biotic or abiotic factors required by a population for survival
they limit a population in an ecosystem |
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| EXAMPLES of limiting factors |
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Definition
water
food
space
temperature
light
nutrients
birthrate/deathrate |
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| the most individuals an ecosystem can support over a long period of time |
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| 3 relationships that help living things survive |
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Definition
competition
symbiosis
predation |
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Definition
when one organism tries to get the resources if needs before another.
food, water, nesting areas, mates |
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Definition
| when two organisms live in, on or near each other |
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when one organism hunts down and kills another for food
predator- the one who hunts
prey - the one who is hunted |
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| 3 symbiosis relationships |
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Definition
commensalism
mutualism
parasitism |
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when one benefits and the other is not helped or harmed
example: ramora eels on sharks
ivy on trees |
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when both benefit
example: bees and flowers
cleaner fish and larger fish |
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when one benefits and the other is harmed
exmaple: ticks on dogs
heartworms in dogs
tapeworms in animals or humans |
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