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Ecology Midterm 2
Population: Spatial, Age, Genetic, Expo, Log, Regulation, Predator-Prey
5
Biology
Undergraduate 2
03/03/2016
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Term
What is genetic structure
 Definition

a description of the genetic variation among individuals within a population

( how many alleles do we have, heterozygote/homozygote, etc)
Term
What is gene flow
 Definition

the exchange of genetic material among populations resulting from disperal

it is important to increase/maintain genetic variation
Term
genetic variation depends on...
 Definition

the number and variability of selection pressures acting on individuals within a population

 

few selection pressure with low variability=low variation and vice versa for many selection pressures
Term
general pattern in genetic structures
 Definition
smaller populations tend to have lower genetic diversity ( variation) than larger populations
Term
what two mechanisms operate to decrease genetic diversity over time
 Definition

1. genetic drift: random changes in allele frequencies within a population due to change

-random( no favouring)

-chance( unpredictable)

-mechanism of evolution, faster in small populations

 

2. inbreeding: mating between relatives

-limited options in small populations

-eventually mainly homozygous(= reduced fitness and increased mortality)
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