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Ecology Chapter 1
Ecology Chapter 1
23
Science
7th Grade
06/22/2010

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Term
Ecology
Definition
The study of the interactions of living organisms with one another and w/ their environment
Term
Biotic
Definition
Describes the living factors in the environment
Term
Abiotic
Definition
Describes the non living part of the environment, including water,rocks, light and temperature
Term
Population
Definition
A group of individuals of the same species that live together
Term
Community
Definition
All the populations of species that live and interact in an area
Term
Ecosystem
Definition
Made of a community of organisms and their abiotic environment
Term
Biosphere
Definition
The part of the Earth where life exists
Term
Herbivore
Definition
An organism that eats only plants
Term
Carnivore
Definition
A organisms that eats animals
Term
Omnivore
Definition
An organism that eats both plants and animals
Term
Scavenger
Definition
Omnivores that eat dead plants and animals
Term
Decomposer
Definition
Organisms that get energy by breaking down dead organisms
Term
Food chain
Definition
The pathway of energy transfer through various stages as a result of the feeding patterns of a series of organisms
Term
Food web
Definition
A diagram that shows the feeding relationships between organisms in an ecosytem
Term
Energy Pyramid
Definition
A triangular diagram that shows an ecosystem’s loss of energy which results as energy passes through the ecosystem’s food chain
Term
Carrying Capacity
Definition
The largest population that an environment can support at any given time
Term
Prey
Definition
An organism that is killed and eaten by another organism
Term
Predator
Definition
An organism that eats all or part of another organism
Term
Symbiosis
Definition
A relationship in which 2 different organisms live in close association with each other
Term
Mutalism
Definition
A relationship between 2 species in which both species benefit
Term
Commensalism
Definition
A relationship between 2 organisms in which 1 organism benefits and the other is unaffected
Term
Parasitism
Definition
A relationship between 2 species in which 1 species benefits [parasite]and the other is harmed [host]
Term
Coevolution
Definition
The evolution of 2 species that is due to mutual influence, often in a way that makes the relationship more beneficial to both species
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