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Ecology Chap 27
Population Growth, Resource Use, and Sustainability
17
Biology
Undergraduate 4
12/17/2009

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Term
Yield
Definition
Amount of resource harvested per time.
Term
Rotation Period aka Harvest Interval
Definition
Amount of time required for resource to return to level of previous harvest.
Term
Sustained Yield
Definition
Similar yield at each harvest.
Term
Monoculture
Definition
A community consisting of a single crop species.
Term
Polyculture
Definition
A mixture of crops.
Term
Industrialized Agriculture aka Mechanized or High-Input
Definition
Depends on large inputs of energy in the form of fossil fuels, chemical fertilizers, irrigations systems, and pesticides.
Term
Tradition Agriculture aka Low-Input
Definition
Subsistence agriculture in which primarily human labor and draft animals are used to provide only enough for a family to survive.
Term
Swidden Agriculture
Definition
Farming systems that alternate periods of annual cropping with extended fallow periods; aka shifting cultivation, fire is used to clear fallow areas for cropping.
Term
Cultural Eutrophication
Definition
The nutrient enrichment of aquatic ecosystems due to runoff (high in nitrates and phophates from adjacent agricultural fields).
Term
Clear Cutting
Definition
Involves removing the forest and reverting to an early stage of succession.
Term
Sead Tree aka Shelterwood
Definition
Removes all trees from an area except for a small number of seed-bearing trees.
Term
Selection Cutting
Definition
Mature single trees or groups of trees scattered through the forest are removed.
Term
Maximum Sustainable Yield
Definition
The maximum rate at which individuals can be harvested from a populatin without reducing its size; recruitment balances harvesting.
Term
Natural Capital
Definition
Range of natural resources provided by ecosystems.
Term
Renewable Resource
Definition
Any natural resource that can be replenished naturally with the passage of time.
Term
Nonrenewable Resource
Definition
Any natural resource that cannot be replenished naturally with the passage of time .
Term
Bycatch
Definition
Non-targeted organisms that are captured in fisheries for targeted species.
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