Term
|
Definition
| the scientific study of INTERACTIONS of living organisms with one another and with their physical environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| organisms of one species that live together in an area, interact and interbreed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the physical place where an organism lives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a largely self-sustaining collection of organisms and their physical environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all organisms on earth plus their environments |
|
|
Term
| energy flow and chemical cycling |
|
Definition
| the two fundamental processes in ecosystems |
|
|
Term
| rank 5 groupings within ecology smallest to biggest |
|
Definition
| population, community, habitat, ecosystem, biosphere |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| natural selection adapts organisms to _____ and _____ factors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| use solar energy o build energy-rich carbohydrates |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a species whose presence contributes to a diversity of life and whose extinction would lead to the extinction of other species |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nonlinear path of energy flow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Persistent Bioaccumulative Toxic compounds: peticides, heavy metals, radionuclides |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| concentration of PBT's increases as they move through food webs |
|
|
Term
| what human activities can change nutrient cycles? |
|
Definition
| the use of fossil fuels, production of fertilizers, removal of plants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what can be cleaned up from groundwater? |
|
Definition
| pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers |
|
|
Term
| Phosphates in your ____, _____, and _____ used to be phosphorus _______ |
|
Definition
| DNA RNA ATP used to be ROCK |
|
|
Term
| phosphates (compounds containing PO4 3-) and other minerals were added to the soil by the gradual __________ of _______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| over nourishment of aquatic ecosystems with plant nutrients (mostly N and P) due to human activities (agricultural or livestock operations or human waste water) |
|
|
Term
| what does eutrophication cause? |
|
Definition
| causes photosynthetic organisms in water to multiply rapidly |
|
|
Term
| what happens when aquatic organisms multiply rapidly? |
|
Definition
| they sink and are decomposed by bacteria, which uses up the oxygen and kills other organisms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| maintenance of homeostasis is almost always by _____ feedback |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Feedback that reduces the output of a system, such as the action of heat on a thermostat to limit the output of a furnace or the accumulation of toxic waste products by a growing population of bacteria; process is inhibited by product. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process is stimulated by product; Feedback that results in amplification or growth of the output signal. |
|
|
Term
| why didn't the kyoto protocol get signed by the U.S.? are there a lot of US cities that support Kyoto? |
|
Definition
| an international treaty intended to bring countries together to reduce global warming and to cope with the effects of temperature increases that are unavoidable after 150 years of industrialization. the U.S. has strong businesses that burn such fuels and contribute to the bad atmosphere...and our economy was such that the U.S. could not risk those businesses losing money. Since China has not agreed do it, we won't either, since they are a major economic rival. there are 418 cities that support kyoto, including SLC. |
|
|
Term
| does utah want to reduce CO2 emissions? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| low oxygen areas in the world's oceans that are a result of chemical dumped into them. |
|
|
Term
| the greenhouse effect. what are the 3 steps? |
|
Definition
| 1)solar radiation heats Earth's surface 2) some of this energy is reradiated to the atmosphere as heat (bounces off earth) 3) some of the heat is trapped in the atmosphere by CO2 and other greenhouse gases |
|
|
Term
| when was the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do humans and starlings have in common? |
|
Definition
| we are both harming other species. |
|
|
Term
| what are six factors that limit an organism's population? |
|
Definition
| limited food supply, buildup of toxic wastes, increased disease, predation, CRIME/WAR, CHOICE |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the number of organisms that an environment can sustain |
|
|
Term
| the top 20% of the wealthiest people in the world consume what percentage of the world's resources? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the poorest people in the world (the bottom 20%) consume what percentage of our resources? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| biological diversity is what? includes what 2 things? |
|
Definition
| the variety of organisms that make up a COMMUNITY. includes the number of DIFFERENT SPECIES, and the relative ABUNDANCE/number of organisms in each species |
|
|
Term
| what are communities shaped by? |
|
Definition
| the interactions between organisms |
|
|
Term
| what are the most stable communities rich with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are 3 types of organism interaction? |
|
Definition
| competition, symbiosis, predator-prey interactions |
|
|
Term
| which organism interaction often demonstrates cycles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the 3 major threats to biodiversity? |
|
Definition
| over exploitation, species introduction, habitat destruction |
|
|
Term
| over-exploitation, and example |
|
Definition
| overuse of our natural resources, including organisms and elements. fishing and hunting. |
|
|
Term
| fragmentation and its 2 results |
|
Definition
| the reduction of natural forests to smaller and smaller patches of land. results in smaller population size and decreased gene flow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| indicates the health of the entire ecosystem |
|
|
Term
| why should we care about indicator species, like spotted owls? |
|
Definition
| because there are no laws to protect ENDANGERED ECOSYSTEMS |
|
|
Term
| what are 2 factors that promote biodiversity? |
|
Definition
| ecosystem SIZE and LATITUDE |
|
|
Term
| biodiversity hotspots have 1/3 of all species, but only represent ___ % of Earth's land mass |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| only about __% of plants have been investigated as sources of medicine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are six ways that biodiversity helps the Earth? |
|
Definition
| purifies air and water, makes soil fertile, decomposes wastes, pollinates crops, provides us with food, protects us from sun's UV rays |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
