Term
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Definition
| form and development are highly determinate e.g animals |
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Term
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Definition
zygote develops into unit of construction called module
e.g plants |
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Term
| How are animal population size estimated? |
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Definition
| mark/recapture techniques |
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Term
| How are plant population sizes estimated |
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Definition
| sampling randomly selected plots of varying size and shape and generalizing from these samples |
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Term
| random patterns of dispersion |
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Definition
| individual's distance is independent of location of others |
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Term
| clumped patterns of dispersion |
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Definition
| plots have greater than expected number of groups |
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Term
| uniform patterns of dispersion |
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Definition
| individuals are equally spaced |
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Term
| Why might a population in nature show a contagious pattern of dispersion? |
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Definition
| organized social groups or resources in patches |
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Term
| What kind of biotic interactions may a uniform pattern of dispersion suggest> |
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Definition
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Term
| What info is required to construct a dynamic life table |
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Definition
| individuals born at the same time must be followed until death |
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Term
| What info is required to construct a static-life table |
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Definition
| based on age structure of the population at given time |
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Term
| Four assumptions that are required for a static life-table at given time |
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Definition
1) each age class is sampled in proportions to its numbers in the population
2) death and birth rates are constant
3)the population is neither decreasing or increasing ...it is stable
4)survivors of one-year age class were the survivors from the year before , just as if they belonged to the same cohort |
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Term
| what kinds of info would you use to construct a life table for species such as annual plants insects that do not have overlapping generations |
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Definition
-stages of life cycle
-record number of individuals alive at the start |
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Term
| Why are survivorship normally plotted on a semilogarithmic scale? |
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Definition
| because we are interested in per-capita rates of change |
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Term
| Type 1 survivorship curve |
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Definition
| Low mortality through most of lifespan followed by precipitous decline in later stages...e.g humans |
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Term
| Type 2 survivorship curve |
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Definition
| constant mortality throughout life span... birds |
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Term
| Type 3 survivorship curve |
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Definition
| high initial mortality followed by periods of much lower levels..Fish |
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Term
| Why do pop. data generally result in a J-shaped mortality curve? |
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Definition
| because of high juvenile phase during which the mortality rate decreases to a minimum and then rises again |
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Term
| Net reproductive rate (R0) |
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Definition
| mean number of offspring produced by individual |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| population is exactly replacing itslef |
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Term
| what does R0 represent in a population with discrete(no-overlaping generations) |
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Definition
1) average number of ofspring produced by individuals during its lifetime
2)the overall extent by which the population has increased over that time |
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Term
| what does R0 represent in a population with overlaping generations? |
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Definition
| average number of offspring produced by an individual during its lifetime |
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Term
| Why might it be preferable to express population growth rate as an exponential constant(r) rather than a geometric constant (R)? |
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Definition
| it shows instantaneous rates of pop. change |
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Term
| Five factors that influence an organism's intrinsict rate of population growth? |
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Definition
1-death rate of organism under ideal conditions
2- the number of offspring produced by an organism over its lifetime, which is called fecundity
3-the length of an organism's reproductive life span and ability to conceive
4-The frequency in which and organism reproduces
5-the age of first reproduction |
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Term
| The factor that influences the greatest increase in R |
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Definition
| The age of first reproduction |
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Term
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Definition
| organism produce young through their reproductive life span... interoparous plants are called perennials... Yuccas |
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Term
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Definition
| reproduce only once in their lifetime, then die...these plants are called annuals... Agave |
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Term
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Definition
| when a proportion of individuals in each age-class will remain constant over time |
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