Term
| RUQ pain, fever; elevated WBCs, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin. Diagnosis? What test do you use to confirm? |
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Definition
| cholecystitis; ultrasound |
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Term
| RUQ pain, no fever; normal WBCs, elevated alkaline phosphatase, and elevated bilirubin. Diagnosis? What test do you use to confirm? |
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Definition
| biliary colic; ultrasound |
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Term
| How do you test for ascites? |
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Definition
| fluid wave, shifting dullness |
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Term
| What are signs of liver failure? |
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Definition
portal hypertension: ascites, caput medusa, spider angiomata, varices, splenomegaly
jaundice
palmar erythema
defective estrogen metabolism: gynecomastia, testicular atrophy |
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Term
| Where does diaphragmatic pain refer to? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Where does ruptured spleen or duodenal pain refer to? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Where does pancreatitis refer to? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does uterine pain refer to? |
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Definition
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Term
1. Patient complains of sharp pain and refuses to move. Diagnosis?
2. Patient complains of constant pain and is writhing. Diagnosis? |
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Definition
1. peritonitis
2. visceral pain |
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Term
| Patient complains of RUQ fullness and discomfort. Differential? |
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Definition
| hepatitis, hepatomegaly, biliary disease |
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Term
| Patient presents with mid-abdominal pain. Differential? |
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Definition
| ulcer, early appendicitis, cancer |
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Term
| Patient presents with lower abdominal pain. Differential? |
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Definition
| diverticulitis, uterine/ovarian disease, cancer |
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Term
| What are the causes of acute diarrhea? How are they characterized? |
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Definition
1. secretory diarrhea: no blood/pus/mucus in stool; abdominal cramping, nausea, vomiting; common in travelers
2. inflammatory diarrhea: stool has blood/pus/mucus; rectal urgency, tenesmus, fecal leukocytes |
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Term
| What are the diarrheal syndromes? What are their characteristics? |
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Definition
Both: crampy lower abdominal pain
IBS: young women, diarrhea or constipation dominant, flatulence, no blood in stools
cancer: older adults, blood in stools, thin/pencil-like stools |
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Term
| What are the causes and pathogeneses of jaundice? |
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Definition
1. elevated direct/conjugated bilirubin: biliary tree obstruction, cirrhosis, cholestasis, viral hepatitis
2. elevated indirect/unconjugated bilirubin: hemolytic anemia, Gilbert's syndrome |
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Term
| What are symptoms of jaundice? (3) |
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Definition
| icterus, pruritus, gray stools |
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Term
| Patient presents with rebound tenderness and absent bowel sounds. Diagnosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Patient presents with LLQ pain, mild fever, and elevated leukocytes. Diagnosis? Confirmatory test? At risk for...? |
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Definition
| diverticulitis; confirm with CT; at risk for perforation |
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Term
| Patient presents with severe epigastric pain that radiates to the back. Labs include elevated lipase. Diagnosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Patient comes in complaining of nausea and vomiting, with symptomatic relief after vomiting. KUB shows dilated loops with an air fluid level. Past medical history is significant for abdominal surgery. What is the most likely diagnosis? What might this disease progress into? What should you check for? |
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Definition
| bowel obstruction -> ischemia. check for hernia. |
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Term
What can cause pain that...
Awakens patient when they're asleep?
Moves from chest to abdomen?
Is burning?
Tearing?
Gripping?
Dull/aching?
Crampy/constricting? |
|
Definition
awakens when asleep: Acute perforation, inflammation, torsion of organ, stone in biliary/renal stones // ectopic pregnancy, perforation of gastric ulcer, peritonitis, acute pancreatitis
migrates from chest to abdomen: Aortic aneurysm
burning: Perforated gastric ulcer
tearing: dissecting aneurysm
gripping: intestinal obstruction
dull/aching: pyelonephritis
crampy/constricting: Biliary or renal colic |
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Term
What disease symptom is likely to be relieved by...
1. Belching?
2. Eating?
3. Vomiting?
4. Leaning forward?
5. Flexing knees?
6. Flexing right thigh?
7. Flexing left thigh? |
|
Definition
1. gastric distension
2. dudodenal ulcer
3. pyloric obstruction
4. pancreatitis
5. peritonitis
6. appendicitis
7. diverticulitis |
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Term
Diagnose:
1. general itching
2. intense pruritis
3. anal pruritus |
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Definition
1. skin/renal/liver disease
2. GI cancer
3. fistula, fissure, poor hygiene, psoriasis, parasites, diabetes |
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Term
1. gastric ulcers feel [better/worse] after eating
2. duodenal ulcers feel [better/worse] after eating |
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Definition
1. gastric ulcers feel WORSE after eating
2. duodenal ulcers feel BETTER after eating |
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