Term
A Panel at the 2004 Interntional Conference on Eating Disorders in Orlando, Florida, Suggested the following Spectrum of Risk Factors. The more any one person has, the greater the probability of developing an eating disorder
Name 4
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Definition
- High weight concerns before age 14
- High level of perceived stress
- Behavior problems before age 14
- History of dieting
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Term
What are the '3 Primary Symptoms (diagnostic criteria) of Bulimia Nervosa (BN)'?
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Definition
- Binge eating: Regular intake of large amounts of food accompanied by a sense of loss of control over eating behavior
- Inappropriate compensatory behaviors: Regular use of self-induced vomiting, laxative or diuretic abuse, fasting, or compulsive exercise
- Extreme concern: with body weight and shape
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Term
Name '2 health consequences of Bulimia Nervosa (BN)'?
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Definition
- Electrolyte imbalances that can lead to irregular heartbeats and possible heart failure and death. Electrolyte imbalance is caused by dehydration and loss of potassium and sodium from the body as a result of 'purging behavior'
- Inflammation and possible rupture of the esophagus from 'frequent vomiting'
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Term
| What are the 'health consequences of Binge Eating Disorder (BED)'? |
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Definition
The health risk of BED are most commonly those associated with clinical obesity
- High blood pressure
- High cholesterol levels
- Heart disease
- Diabetes mellitus
- Gallbladder disease
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Term
Screening for Eating Disorders
Four test questions correlated with positive EAT-26 scores, what are they? |
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Definition
- How many diets have you been on in the past year?
- Do you feel you should be dieting?
- Do you feel dissatisfied with your body size?
- Does your weight affect the way you feel about yourself?
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Term
'SCOFF' Screening for Eating Disorders
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Definition
- S:Sick because you feel full?
- C: Do you lose control over how much you eat?
- O: Have you lose more than (over) 13 pounds recently?
- F: Do you believe you are fat when others say you are thin?
- F: Does food and thoughts of food dominate your life?
A "YES" response to at least TWO of the following questions is a strong indicator of an eating disorder |
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Term
Neuropsychological Dimensions to Anorexia Nervosa
Serotonin and Norepinephrine are decreased in patients with anorexia, which links them with patients suffering from depression
People with anorexia nervosa also tend to have higher than normal levels of? |
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Definition
- Cortisol: Released in response to stress
- Vasopressin: Also found to be abnormal in patients with 'obsessive-compulsive disorder'
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Term
| Name a 'psychosocial factor in weight control' |
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Definition
- Wathing television -> not only DECREASES physical activity but reduces metabolic rate significantly below non-TV resting rates by 12% for normal and 16% for obese individuals
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Term
| Pyschosocial Factors in Weight Control |
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Definition
Obese people tend to have a higher level of insulin increasing:
- The sensation of hunger
- The perceived pleasantness of sweet tastes, and ->
- Food consumption
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Term
Obesity and Health Risks
Obesity is associated with increased risk of? |
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Definition
- Hypertension
- Heart disease
- Stroke
- Diabetes
- Cancer
- Alzheimer's
The greater the obesity, the greater the risk. However, fitness matters.
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Term
What are the '6 elements of effective weight loss'?
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Definition
- Have reasonable goals and expectations
- Change your eating behavior
- Get others involved
- Continue to exercise
- Avoid situations that prompt lapses
- Reward good behavior
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Term
| Development of food rituals, such as eating foods in a certain order, excessive chewing, and rearranging food on your plate are indicative of which eating disorder? |
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Definition
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Term
| Positive Incentive theory suggests that eating behavior is closely associated with what two other behaviors? |
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Definition
- Drug addiction
- Sexual behavior
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Term
| What neurotransmitter is DECREASED in patients with anorexia, which links the patient with patients suffering from depression? |
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Definition
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Term
| But research has also shown that over-activity of another neurotransmitter has been implicated in anorexia by its activity in the basal ganglia. What is it? |
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Definition
- Over-activity of D2/D3 dopamine receptors in the ventral striatum of the basal ganglia
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Term
| Patients with what eating disorder ativates the DORSAL ANTERIOR CINGULATE |
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Definition
- Bulimia nervosa patients
- Activated more when making errors than when responding correctly
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Term
| Anemorrhea is required in the diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa in postmenarcheal females. What are the other three diagnostic criteria for the disorder required for all people? |
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Definition
Failure (and resistance) to maintaining body weight at or above a
minimally normal weight for age and height. (85% of normal)!
• Intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat, even though underweight!
• Disturbance in body image: the way in which one’s body weight or shape
is experienced, undue influence of body weight or shape on selfevaluation,
or denial of the seriousness of the current low body weight.! |
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Term
| Which eating disorder has the most balanced male to female ratio? |
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Definition
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Term
| Best predictor of long-term weight maintenance? |
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Definition
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Term
| Vitamin supplementation that improves leptin levels? |
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Definition
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Term
| Research has shown that dieting reduces leptin, leading to an increased craving for food, but that craving is associated with alterations in brain function. Two areas of the brain have been shown to have increased blood flow after dieting increasing the emotional control over food intake. Name these two? |
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Definition
- Brain Stem
- Parahippocampul Gyrus
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Term
| What common behavior has been shown to reduce metabolic rate by 12%-16%? |
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Definition
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