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Earthquake generated waves traveling through the Earth's interior.
Gives us clues to the Earth's composition. |
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| Travel on the Earth's Surface. |
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| Travel through the Earth's interior. |
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| Compress and Expand Rock and are the fastest of all Seismic Waves. |
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| Vibrate up and down and are the second to register on a Seismograph. |
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Composed Mostly of Iron and Nickel
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| Very hot, but still solid due to High Pressure of the Earth. |
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Less pressure from the Earth so Iron and Nickel are liquid.
Flow in the Outer Core generates electric current that powers the Earth's magnetic field. |
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Rocky Layer that is about 3,000 km thick. Has two sections:
Lower Mantle
Upper Mantle |
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| The lower sections of the Mantle. |
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Upper Sections of the Mantle. Has two parts:
Asthenosphere
Lithosphere |
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| One section of the Upper Mantle. Behaves in a semi-fluid Manner. |
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The Uppermost part of the Lithosphere.
About 10 km thick-Oceanic Crust
About 20-60 km thick- Continental Crust
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Theory of Continental Drift
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The Earth is a dynamic planet with continents in constant motion.
All continents were once together to form Pangea. |
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Supported by Geologic, Biologic, and Climatological evidence.
Fits along with continental shelves.
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| A fracture along visible displacement can be detected on one side relative to another. |
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Vertical Movement.
Footwall down.
Rocky, Canadian, and Appalachian mtns.
[image]
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Vertical.
Footwall up.
[image] |
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Horizontal Movement.
Plates are sliding past one another.
San Andreas Fault.
Sheering forces.
[image]
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Two plates moving apart.
Creates rift valleys, sea floor spreading, and is caused by tensional forces.
[image] |
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Leads to Suduction- one plate going underneath another.
Caused by compressional forces.
Common place to find Volcanoes.
ex. Cascade Range.
[image]
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| Device which measures Seismic Waves |
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| Molten Rock beneath the surface. |
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| Molten Rock on the surface. |
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| It's made up of different layers of lava and ash. |
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