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| Wegener's idea that the continents slowly moved over Earth's surface |
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| a supercontinent, or single landmass, that joined together about 300 million years ago, according to Alfred Wegener |
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| any trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock |
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| form long chains of mountains that rise up from the ocean floor |
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| adds more crust to the ocean floor; at the same time, older strips of rock move outward from either side of the ridge |
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| the ocean floor plunging into deep, underwater canyon; this crust goes back into the mantle |
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| the process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle again |
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| a section of the lithosphere that slowly moves over the asthenosphere, carrying pieces of continental or oceanic crust |
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| plates moving apart from each other |
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| plates moving towards each other |
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| plates slip past each other |
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| the theory that states Earth's plates are in slow, constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle |
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| breaks in Earth's crust where rocks have slipped past each other; they form along plate boundaries |
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| a deep valley that forms where pieces of Earth's crust diverge on land |
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