Term
Why would the discovery of coal in Greenland be evidence for Alfred Wegener’s theory of continental drift?
1. Coal is only found in Antarctica; Antarctica and Greenland must have been connected in the past.
2. Coal is only found in North America; Greenland and North America must have been connected in the past.
3. Coal is normally found in cold climates; Greenland is not cold enough.
4. Coal is found in places where jungles used to be; Greenland must have been closer to the equator where jungles are common. |
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Definition
CH 1
4. Coal is found in places where jungles used to be; Greenland must have been closer to the equator where jungles are common. |
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Term
Which layer of the earth is not matchedst with its correct physical state?
crust—solid
asthenosphere—plastic-like
inner core—solid
outer core—solid |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following best explains the formation of the Japanese Islands?
1. The islands are the result of a convergent boundary between the Pacific and the Eurasian Plates.
2. The islands are the result of a rift in the Eurasian plate.
3. The islands are the result of a divergent boundary between the Pacific and Eurasian Plates.
4. The islands are in the middle of the Eurasian Plate and were formed like Hawaii—a result of hot spots. |
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Definition
CH 1
1. The islands are the result of a convergent boundary between the Pacific and the Eurasian Plates. |
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Term
Why does the ocean plate always subduct when it converges with a continent plate?
1. because the ocean crust is magnetically pulled under the continent
2. because the ocean crust is heavier than continent crust
3. because the ocean crust is older and ready to be subducted
4. because the ocean crust is already lower than the continent |
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Definition
CH 1
2. 2. because the ocean crust is heavier than continent crust |
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Term
Upon which layer of the earth do the plates rest and move?
1. outer core
2. lithosphere
3. asthenosphere
4. mantle |
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Definition
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Term
According to Alfred Wegener’s theory of continental drift, how were all of the continents originally arranged?
1. All continents were in the southern hemisphere.
2. All continents were in the northern hemisphere near ice-covered Greenland.
3. All continents were located opposite of where they are now.
4. All continents were part of a large mass of land he called Pangaea. |
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Definition
CH 1
4. All continents were part of a large mass of land he called Pangaea. |
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Term
7. Which of the following best summarizes the plate tectonic theory?
1. Billions of years of earthquakes and volcanoes have divided Earth’s crust into large and small pieces.
2. Earth’s crust is divided into moving pieces that collide with each other, creating mountain ranges, ocean ridges, and ocean trenches.
3. Earth is divided into pieces that go deep to its core; the pieces are pushed around by lava from the earth’s core. Earth is divided into pieces that used to move, forming trenches, mountains and ridges, but the pieces do not move anymore. |
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Definition
CH 1
2. Earth’s crust is divided into moving pieces that collide with each other, creating mountain ranges, ocean ridges, and ocean trenches. |
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Term
The Himalayan mountain range is being formed by the convergence of which two tectonic plates?
1. the Eurasian and African Plates
2. the Antarctic and South American Plates
3. the Eurasian and Indian Plates
4. the North American and Pacific Plates |
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Definition
CH 1
3. the Eurasian and Indian Plates |
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Term
How do the magnetic patterns on the seafloor support the theory of tectonic plates?
1. The magnetic patterns prove that the seafloor does not move; only the continents do.
2. The magnetic patterns are formed by earthquakes, which the plate tectonic theory says occur in oceans.
3. The magnetic patterns prove that the seafloor is old, which is what the plate tectonic theory suggests.
4. The magnetic patterns on each side of the ocean ridge are symmetrical, which proves that the seafloor is spreading. |
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Definition
CH 1
4. The magnetic patterns on each side of the ocean ridge are symmetrical, which proves that the seafloor is spreading. |
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Term
When an ocean plate and a continent plate converge, which plate subducts?
1. the continent plate
2. the ocean plate
3. both plates subduct
4. neither plate subducts |
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Definition
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Term
Why does the crust have high continents and low ocean basins?
1. Oceanic crust is older than the continental crust, so oceanic crust must be underneath continental crust.
2. The ocean basins are large impact craters that were formed by the last few planetesimals that hit the earth’s early crust.
3. The asthenosphere is thicker under the continents and thinner under the oceans.
4. Density differences between continental rock and oceanic rock mean that the continents float higher in the asthenosphere than the oceanic rock. |
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Definition
CH 1
4. Density differences between continental rock and oceanic rock mean that the continents float higher in the asthenosphere than the oceanic rock. |
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Term
Which mountain range is being created by the convergence of the Nazca and South American plate?
1. Andes
2. Ural
3. Appalachian
4. Rocky Mountain |
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Definition
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Term
Which sphere is not correctly matched?
1. lithosphere—the earth’s solid rock/crust
2. asthenosphere—all the molten rock inside the earth
3. hydrosphere—the earth’s water
4. atmosphere—all the gases of the earth |
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Definition
CH 1
2. asthenosphere—all the molten rock inside the earth |
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Term
The earth developed a layered structure because of
1. changes in the density of the internal material
2. changes in chemical/mineral composition
3. all of these factors
4. changes in the physical state (solid liquid) of the material |
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Definition
CH 1
3. all of these factors |
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Term
Besides the discovery of coal in Greenland, what other evidence did Alfred Wegener have to prove his continental drift theory?
1. measurements for recent continental movement
2. maps of volcanoes and earthquakes that happened along continental borders
3. DNA evidence that showed common ancestry of people on two different continents
4. similar fossil records on different continents |
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Definition
CH 1
1. similar fossil records on different continents |
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Term
Use Card 1
Where would be the safest place to build a bridge?
1. between B and D
2. between G and E
3. between F and C
4. between C and D |
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Definition
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Term
Use Card 1
Which type of boundary is not shown on the map?
1. transform
2. divergent
3. convergent
4. collision |
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Definition
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Term
See Card 1
In what direction is the plate with the volcanoes moving?
1. west
2. south
3. north
4. east |
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Definition
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Term
Scientists expected ocean floors to have a thick layer of sediment; however, when they checked, they discovered that ocean floors have very thin layers of sediment. What did this tell them about ocean floors?
1. Continental land is not eroding as quickly as scientists thought it was.
2. There are no volcanoes in the ocean.
3. Ocean floors are not as old as they thought they were.
4. There is a lot of wave action that stops sediment from settling on the seafloor. |
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Definition
CH 1
3. Ocean floors are not as old as they thought they were. |
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Term
What geologic feature is created when an ocean plate converges with another ocean plate or a continent plate?
1. high plateau
2. trench
3. rift
4. mountain range |
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Definition
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Term
In which of the following types of plate boundaries are continental mountain ranges created?
1. transform boundary
2. continent-continent convergent boundary
3. ocean-ocean convergent boundary
4. divergent boundary |
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Definition
CH 1
2. continent-continent convergent boundary |
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Term
The Caribbean plate is merging with which other plate to form the Caribbean Islands?
1. the Antarctic Plate
2. the Eurasian Plate
3. the Pacific Plate
4. the North American Plate |
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Definition
CH 1
4. the North American Plate |
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Term
How would you explain the formation of the Hawaiian Islands in the middle of the Pacific Plate?
1. The Pacific Plate is actually two plates converging together, creating mountains, and the Hawaiian Islands are actually the tops of these mountains.
2. The Pacific Plate is actually two plates that are diverging, creating a tall ridge, and the Hawaiian Islands are the highest parts of this ridge.
3. The Hawaiian Islands are the last bit of land left after the separation of the South American Plate and the Australian Plate—they will eventually disappear.
4. The Hawaiian Islands are the tops of volcanic mountains formed by hot spots under the Pacific plate; as the plate moves, the hot spots create new islands. |
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Definition
CH 1
4. The Hawaiian Islands are the tops of volcanic mountains formed by hot spots under the Pacific plate; as the plate moves, the hot spots create new islands. |
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Term
See Card 2
Where is crust being destroyed?
1. C
2. B
3. A
4. D |
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Definition
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Term
See Card 2
Where are two continental plates converging?
1. B
2. D
3. A
4. C |
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Definition
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Term
See Card 2
Where are two ocean plates diverging?
1. B
2. D
3. A
4. C |
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Definition
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Term
Where is new crust being created?
1. B
2. A
3. C
4. D |
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Definition
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Term
In which of the following types of plate boundaries is new crust formed?
1. continent-continent convergent boundary
2. transform boundary
3. ocean-continent convergent boundary
4. divergent boundary |
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Definition
CH 1
4. divergent boundary |
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Term
The North American and Eurasian plates are diverging. What physical evidence proves this?
1. the mid-Atlantic ridge
2. the Appalachian Mountains
3. The island of Great Britain
4. the Rocky Mountains |
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Definition
CH 1
1. the mid-Atlantic ridge |
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Term
Africa is famous for its gold mines. According to evidence that supports the theory of plate tectonics, where would be the best place to look for similar deposits of gold?
1. C
2. A
3. D
4. B |
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Definition
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Term
The state of balance between the thickness of the crust and the depth at which it floats on the asthenosphere is called
1. isostasy
2. strain
3. stress
4. shearing |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following best describes what happens at a divergent plate boundary?
1. The plates smash together and create mountains because neither plate is subducted.
2. The plates separate from each other creating new crust in the process.
3. The plates move together and a trench is formed where one plate subducts.
4. The plates separate from each other creating new seas or lakes. |
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Definition
CH 1
2. The plates separate from each other creating new crust in the process. |
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Term
Why are mountain ranges created where two continental plates converge?
1. One plate is subducted, but its crust remains to form a mountain range.
2. Both plates are subducted—forcing the land up around them.
3. Neither plate is subducted; instead, both are lifted up forming a mountain range.
4. One plate is subducted—pushing the crust of the other plate up. |
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Definition
CH 1
3. Neither plate is subducted; instead, both are lifted up forming a mountain range. |
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Term
Why didn’t scientists believe Alfred Wegener’s theory of continental drift?
1. The rock and mineral patterns of different continents didn’t support Wegener’s theory
2. Wegener had a reputation for exaggerating information
3. The fossil record of different continents did not support Wegener’s theory
4. Wegener had no explanation for what made the continents drift (or move) |
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Definition
CH 1
4. Wegener had no explanation for what made the continents drift (or move) |
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Term
How do volcano and earthquake patterns support the idea of plate tectonic theory?
1. They are usually found near the borders of plates, which is where plates slide against each other and create stress in the crust.
2. Most are found on larger continents, and according to the theory, larger continents are still in the process of breaking up.
3. They are usually found on land, which is where plates are coming apart and experiencing a lot of stress.
4. They are usually found in the center of plates, which is where plates are coming apart and experiencing a lot of stress. |
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Definition
CH 1
1. They are usually found near the borders of plates, which is where plates slide against each other and create stress in the crust. |
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Term
In which direction is the continent of North America moving?
1. toward Europe
2. toward the Atlantic Ocean
3. toward the Pacific Ocean
4. toward South America |
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Definition
CH 1
3. toward the Pacific Ocean |
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Term
In which of the following types of plate boundaries is the crust neither created nor destroyed?
1. continent-continent convergent boundary
2. transform boundary
3. ocean-continent convergent boundary
4. ocean-ocean convergent boundary |
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Definition
CH 1
2. transform boundary |
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