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Earth Science
test 2
61
Science
Undergraduate 1
03/26/2008

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Cards

Term
adiabatic
Definition
air warms/cools when it expands/contracts
Term
Dry A.L.R.
Definition
10
Term
Moist A.L.R.
Definition
6
Term
stable
Definition
air rises, but comes back down
Term
unstable
Definition
air rises and continues rising
Term
neutral
Definition
air does nothing
Term
advection
Definition
air is moving
Term
cold advection
Definition
cold air moves into an area
Term
warm advection
Definition
warm air moves into an area
Term
lightning
Definition
static discharge of electricity in clouds
Term
thunder
Definition
rapid expansion and contraction
Term
3 basic T-Storm stages
Definition
1 Cumulus 2 Mature 3 Dissipation
Term
mesocyclone
Definition
spinning t-storm
Term
flash flooding
Definition
1-3 hours of intense rainfall
Term
stationary
Definition
slow-moving
Term
training
Definition
one storm after another
Term
Precipitation Loading
Definition
cumulation of particles at top of cloud
Term
Conditions for Hurricanes
Definition
warm water, no cross-winds, rising air
Term
latent heat
Definition
heat from condensation
Term
sensible heat
Definition
heat from ocean
Term
Hurricane development
Definition
disturbance, depression, tropical storm, hurricane
Term
Eye characteristics
Definition
center, clear, low pressure, very warm, few clouds
Term
eyewall
Definition
surrounding t-storms, most violent wind and rain
Term
rainbands
Definition
weaker t-storms stemming from hurricane
Term
storm surge
Definition
salt water flooding (from ocean)
Term
anthropogenic effect
Definition
man-made things, not natural
Term
mobile pollution
Definition
cars,trucks
Term
stationary pollution
Definition
plants, factories
Term
natural pollution
Definition
volcanoes
Term
industrial smog
Definition
mix of chemicals stuck in air, problem in big cities
Term
pH
Definition
measure of acidity
Term
acid rain
Definition
rain with pH less than 5.6
Term
buffer type soil
Definition
basic soil - neutralizes acid rain
Term
greenhouse effect
Definition
planet allows heat it, no heat out
Term
primary anthro. greenhouse gas
Definition
CO2
Term
where is ozone shield/purpose?
Definition
stratosphere, blocks out harmful radiation
Term
how thick is ozone layer?
Definition
couple millimeters thick
Term
climate
Definition
average weather over time
Term
climate region
Definition
regions that share similar climates
Term
primary components of regional climates
Definition
temp. precip. insolation, pressure, air masses
Term
internal climate forces
Definition
clouds
Term
external climate forces
Definition
sun, volcanoes
Term
6 primary climate regions
Definition
tropical, mezo-/micro-thermal, polar, highland, desert
Term
rainforest
Definition
rains all year long
Term
monsoon
Definition
8 months rain
Term
savanna
Definition
2/3 months rain
Term
tundra
Definition
10 months freezing weather
Term
icecap
Definition
never gets above freezing
Term
infiltration
Definition
water first enters zone of aeration
Term
percolation
Definition
downward movement of water
Term
permeable layer
Definition
water can pass through
Term
impermeable layer
Definition
water cannot pass through
Term
hydrology
Definition
science of water - global circulation, distribution, and properties
Term
fluvial
Definition
stream related processes
Term
ultimate base level
Definition
sea level
Term
drainage divide
Definition
ridges that separate where precipitation drains
Term
watershed
Definition
the water receiving area of a drainage basin
Term
dissolved load
Definition
material dissolved in water
Term
suspended load
Definition
river is carrying the material downstream
Term
bed load
Definition
material is pushed along river bed
Term
nickpoint
Definition
waterfalls
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