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a microorganism, especially an archaean, that lives in conditions of extreme temperature, acidity, alkalinity, or chemical concentration.
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| branch of space science and planetary science in which different natural processes and systems are studied by their effects and phenomena on and between multiple bodies |
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| Geographies where conditions are right to support complex life |
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| magnetic field that extends from the Earth's interior out into space, where it interacts with the solar wind, a stream of charged particles emanating from the Sun |
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| the movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter and therefore less dense material to rise, and colder, denser material to sink under the influence of gravity, which consequently results in transfer of heat |
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| The thermal energy released as a result of spontaneous nuclear disintegrations |
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| the envelope of gases surrounding any celestial body |
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| a region of space resulting from the collapse of a star |
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| a gaseous layer of the sun's atmosphere (extending from the photosphere to the corona) that is visible during a total eclipse of the sun |
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| a gradual transformation into arid, uninhabitable land |
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change in the apparent frequency of a wave as observer and source move toward or away from each other
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| Electromagnetic Radiation |
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| radiation consisting of waves of energy associated with electric and magnetic fields resulting from the acceleration of an electric charge |
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| The theory that horizontal movement of the earth's surface causes slow, relative movements of the continents toward or away from one another. |
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| spherical center of the Earth, about 1200 km in diameter and made of solid iron and nickel. |
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In an orbit, a position and time during which one Hemisphere gets its maximum area of sunlight, while the other Hemisphere gets its minimum amount; the time of year when days are eather longest or shortest, and the angle of sunlight reaches its maximum or minimum. |
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| In the northern hemisphere, the Coriolis effect deflects the diverging winds to the right, forming a pinwheel pattern with the air spiraling clockwise. |
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| Electromagnetic rays of extremely high frequency and energy; cosmic rays usually interact with the atoms of the atmosphere before reaching the surface of the Earth. |
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| The dense, cold air distorts into a blunt wedge and pushes under the warmer air, creating a narrow band of violent weather commonly accompanied by cumulus and cumulonimbus clouds. |
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the cycle of processes by which water circulates between the earth's oceans, atmosphere, and land, involving precipitation as rain and snow, drainage in streams and rivers, and return to the atmosphere by evaporation and transpiration.
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| The wind circulation pattern in Highs, or anticyclones, that has a sense of rotation opposite to that of cyclones and the Earth's rotation. |
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| The rock cycle is a basic concept in geology that describes transitions through geologic time among the three main rock types |
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| The use of microorganisms to decompose an environmental contaminant. |
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| Supply with necessities and support. |
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| A period of time in the Paleozoic Era that covered the time span between 408 and 360 million years. |
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| A major stratigraphic boundary on Earth marking the end of the Mesozoic Era, best known as the age of the dinosaurs. |
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| Deforestation is the permanent removal of trees to make room for something besides forest. |
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a gradual increase in the overall temperature of the earth's atmosphere generally attributed to the greenhouse effect caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons, and other pollutants.
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Consists of all life on Earth and all parts of the Earth in which life exists, including land, water, and the atmosphere. |
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| The thin and solid outermost layer of the Earth above the mantle. |
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| Veganism is the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals. |
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| A block of lithosphere that consists of the crust and the rigid, outermost part of the mantle. |
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| Openings in Earth's crust from which molten rock, dust, ash, and hot gases flow or erupt |
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| A tsunami or tidal wave is a series of waves in a water body caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, generally in an ocean or a large lake. |
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| A natural disaster is a major adverse event resulting from natural processes of the Earth; examples are floods, hurricanes, tornadoes, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis, and other geologic processes. |
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Aquarists keep track and take care of marine animals held in captivity, they focus on keeping a quality environment for these animals to live in. |
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| Animal agriculture is the practice of breeding animals for the production of animal products and for recreational purposes . |
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Archaeologists study past human activity by excavating, dating and interpreting objects and sites of historical interest |
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| The Hadean Era lasted about 700 million years, from around 4.5 billion years ago (bya) to around 3.8 bya. As you might imagine, no life could have survived the Hadean Era. Even if there were living things back then, they would all have been destroyed by the heat caused by comet and asteroid impacts. |
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| The Archean Eon is one of the four geologic eons of Earth history, occurring 4,000 to 2,500 million years ago. During the Archean, the Earth's crust had cooled enough to allow the formation of continents and life started to form. |
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| Relating to or denoting the second period of the Mesozoic era, between the Triassic and Cretaceous periods. |
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