Term
| do children with early onset disorders go through normal development? |
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Definition
yes they go through development
-symptoms linked with developmental capabilities |
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Term
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Definition
subaverage intelligence accompanied by significant limitations in adaptive functioning
-communication, self-care, social skills, safety, health, self-direction |
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Term
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Definition
(most common)
IQ: 55-70
-academic skills up to grade 6
-minimum self-support |
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Term
mental retardation
moderate |
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Definition
IQ: 40-55
-academic skills to grade 3
-provide self-care hygiene |
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Term
mental retardation
severe |
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Definition
IQ: 25-40
-rudimentary communication
-simple skills |
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Term
mental retardation
profound |
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Definition
uncommon
IQ: below 25
-sensory-motor problems |
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Term
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Definition
physical features noted at birth
association with older mothers
other physical impairments-cardiac |
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Term
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Definition
pervasive developmental disorder. impairments in:
reciprocal social interaction
impaired communication
restricted repertoire of activities and interests
--75% also have mental retardation
--some extremely high IQ |
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Term
autistic spectrum characteristics
lacks theory of mind |
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Definition
-cannot read social cues
-difficulties with empathy
-lack of emotional reciprocity
-inappropriate affect
-anxiety
-socially inappropriate behavior |
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Term
autistic spectrum characteristics
associated problems |
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Definition
-abnormal sleep/eating pattern
-OCD
-aggression |
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Term
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Definition
asperger's autism
-sustained social impairment
-OCD
-no language development delay |
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Term
Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
ADHD
key manifestations |
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Definition
-IMPULSIVITY (speaking or acting without awareness)
-impulsivity, hyperactivity and inattention
-sx must cause impairment
-children feel stupid |
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Term
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Definition
HIGHLY HERITABLE
-stress and bad parenting can exacerbate but NOT CAUSE |
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Term
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Definition
-inability to inhibit impulsive motor responses to sensory input
-less able to form anticipatory motor prep |
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Term
| do children grow out of ADHD? |
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Definition
| NO!!! life long but control can be improved and different characteristics can emerge during development |
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Term
ADHD
executive functioning |
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Definition
-internalization of self-directed speech- self guidance
-controlling emotions, motivation and state of arousal |
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Term
ADHD
treatments and interventions
(non pharm) |
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Definition
-small class and support services
-social skills therapy
-parent support and education |
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Term
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Definition
methlyphenidates
-ritalin and concerta
amhetamines
-adderall and Vyvanse |
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Term
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Definition
-strattera
-wellbutrin
-intuniv |
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Term
oppositional defiant disorder
characteristics |
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Definition
-defiance
-disobedience
-hostility toward authority
-blames others
-easily annoyed |
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Term
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Definition
-repetitive persistent pattern of violating rights of others
--bully, threaten, intimidate, fight and force sex
-high-risk behavior
--theft and fire starting
-lacks empathy
-misperception of other's motives
---- poor prognosis, especially if early onset |
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Term
Tourette's disorder
define tic |
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Definition
sudden rapid recurrent non-rhythmic motor movement or vocalization
-self consciousness and shame
-social discomfort and low self-esteem |
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Term
| Separation Anxiety Disorder |
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Definition
excessive anxiety about separation from home and loved ones
-stress and impaired functioning
-somatic complaints
-bedtime difficulty and nightmares
-social manifestations |
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Term
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Definition
obsession: thoughts
compulsion: actions to relieve stress of obsession
-cleanliness/safety: counting
-interferes with school
-trichotillomania: hair pulling
-skin picking |
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Term
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Definition
deliberate, immediate physical harm
-regulates affect/emotion: equilibrium
-communication: expresses emotion
-punishment/control: trauma reenactment
--- goal is usually NOT suicide |
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Term
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Definition
-irritable
-sleep and appetite changes
-loss of interest or pleasure
-low energy level
-negative thoughts and behaviors
-academic decline
-substance abuse
-suicidal thoughts
-somatic complaints |
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Term
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Definition
commonly similar to adult bipolar disorder
-some overlap with ADHD
-mania and depression |
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Term
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Definition
12% of adolescent death
-pattern of self destructive behavior before incident
-sought medical care 1-3 months prior (attention) |
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Term
| ideal outcomes for childhood mental illness |
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Definition
promotion of normal growth and development
improved functioning in school and home settings |
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Term
| basic nursing interventions |
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Definition
-behavior modification
-goal setting (ADLs, impulse control, relationships)
-rewards for accomplishment
--charts for younger and contracts for inc privilege for the older pts
-maintain safe environment
-communicate respect
-promote boundaries
-increase self-confidence: realistic praise
-realistic positive outlook |
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Term
childhood meds
list categories |
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Definition
SSRI
Atypical antipsychotics
mood stabilizers
stimulants |
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Term
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Definition
prozac, paxil, zoloft and lexapro
-mood and anxiety disorder
---monitor for suicide |
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Term
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Definition
risperidone, geodon and abilify
-oppositional behavior, ADHD, autistism, and bipolar
---weight gain and fatigue |
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Term
Childhood Rx
mood stabilizers |
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Definition
Depakote, lithium, and lamotrigine
-long term effects on child
-take blood draws |
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Term
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Definition
adderall, ritalin, ect
-take with trazedone, and mirtazepine for sleep
---dont use benzos |
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Term
| Childhood non pharm interventions |
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Definition
-activity therapy: crafts, journals and games
-physical exercise
-groups
-school work |
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