Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 4 signs the Buddha saw on his trips outside the palace? |
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Definition
| 1. Old Man 2. Sick Man 3. Corpse 4. A mendicant (practicing ascetic) |
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Term
| What did the Buddha teach in his first sermon to his disciples? |
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Definition
-The Middle way
-4 truths, Eightfold Path
-Non-self |
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Term
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Definition
-Nomads originally from Central Asia
-Related to Greeks, Hittites, Germans
-Vedic language |
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Term
| What are the characteristics of Aryan religion? |
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Definition
-Pantheon of sky gods
-Brahmans
-warrior culture
-sacrificial relationship with gods |
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Term
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Definition
-an orally transmitted tradition
-written down around 800 CE
-Last layer are the Upanisads |
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Term
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Definition
-class system is born
-the Primal Man
-female creative principle is born
-origins of all things |
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Term
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Definition
-is law, destiny, and duty
-Duty was determined according to ones class, gender, and stage in life |
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Term
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Definition
-Drop outs from society, who rejected family ties and duties
-Wandering mendicants
-Sensory withdrawal is emphasized
-Master-disciple dynamic |
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Term
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Definition
| A meditation on verbal formula that encapsulates the truth |
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Term
| 4 Key Concepts in Brahmanism: |
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Definition
1. Atman (essence, universal self)
2. Moksa (liberation)
3. Samsara (cycle of birth and death)
4. Karma (action, act) |
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Term
What is Atman?
(in brahmanism) |
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Definition
-Essence, universal self
-Most Sramana practices were aimed at merging the microcosmic universal soul or self with the macrocosm
-Corollary to universal Brahman or Atman is within each individual, atman |
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Term
What is Moksa
(in brahmanism) |
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Definition
-Liberation
-In the Upanisads, focus on cosmic order shifts from efforts to manipulate it, towards efforts to understand and escape cyclic sentient existence completely |
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Term
What is Samsara
(in Brahmanism) |
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Definition
-cycle of birth and death
-immense space of cosmos, vast cycles, as well as individual lives
-Creator gods less important than the force underlying continual creation and destruction |
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Term
What is Karma?
(in Brahmanism) |
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Definition
-Action, act
-Originally sacrificial act, but came to mean actions with moral qualities that determine future conditions
-Not the judgement of a higher power, but an impersonal cosmic law |
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Term
What is Karma?
(Buddhist View) |
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Definition
-All intentional actions, good or bad
-A natural law inherent in the nature of things
-Actions do not always ripen immediately
-practices at the time of death have an especially strong effect on your rebirth (this moment influences the next) |
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Term
| What clan was Buddha born into? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Four Truths are sometimes taught in the form of diagnosis of disease: |
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Definition
1. diagnosis
2. cause
3. curability
4. course of treatment |
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Term
| What are the 3 marks of all conditioned phenomena? |
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Definition
- impermanence
- suffering
- no-self |
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Term
| What is the First Noble Truth? |
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Definition
| Dukkha (suffering / the painful) |
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Term
| What is the Second Noble Truth? |
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Definition
| Samudaya (origin of suffering is desire/trishna) |
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Term
| What is the Third Noble Truth? |
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Definition
| Nirodha (there is cessation of suffering=nirvana) |
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Term
| What is the Fourth Noble Truth? |
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Definition
| Aryashtangamarga (Eightfold Path for the Noble) |
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Term
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Definition
-The First Noble Truth
-Suffering that is: a) physical
b)due to changes in ones circumstance
c) underlying awareness of conditioned phenomena |
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Term
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Definition
-The Second Noble Truth
-Origin of suffering is desire (trishna)
a) craving for sensual pleasures
b) craving for existence (ego-attachment)
c) craving for non-existence (rejection of self or others) |
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Term
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Definition
Desire or craving for:
a) sensual pleasures
b) craving for existence
c) craving for non-existence |
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Term
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Definition
-The Third Noble Truth
-There is cessation of suffering which is Nirvana |
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Term
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Definition
-During life: the extinction of "fires" or Greed, hatred, ignorance
-No further Karmic activity but continuation of skandhas
-The end of suffering (dukkha) and rebirth |
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Term
| What is the Noble Eightfold Path? |
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Definition
-Aryashtangamarga
-The Fourth Noble Truth
-the approach to reaching Nirvana, not the cause of it
-leads to liberation and the cessation of suffering |
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Term
| Three Categories for the Eightfold Path for the Noble: |
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Definition
1. Wisdom (prajna)
2. Moral Discipline (sila)
3. Concentration (samadhi) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Prajna (Wisdom)
The Two categories for Prajna in The Noble Eightfold Path |
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Definition
1) Right View (conceptual understanding of 4 truths eventually leading to insight)
2) Right Intention (disciplining emotions, away form negativity toward loving-kindness or 'metta') |
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Term
Sila (Moral Discipline)
The 3 Categories for Sila in The Noble Eightfold Path: |
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Definition
3) Right Speech (abstaining from lying)
4) Right action (abstaining form violence, theft etc.)
5) Right Livelihood (abstaining from suffering-causing ways of supporting oneself 'Five Precepts') |
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Term
Samadhi (Concentration)
The 3 Categories of Samadhi in The Noble Eightfold Path |
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Definition
6) Right Effort (turning away from 'unskilful' greed, hatred, delusion)
7) Right Mindfulness (developing precise, clear awareness of arising and ceasing states)
8) Right Concentration (progressively deeper levels of calm awareness |
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Term
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Definition
no-self or non-self
(not to be mistaken for atman 'univseral soul') |
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Term
| What are the 5 Skandhas or Aggregates of Personality? |
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Definition
1. Rupa
2. Vedana
3. Samjna
4. Samskara
5. Vijnana |
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Term
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Definition
-A skandha or aggregate of personality
-what is sensed as material substances or forms
-physical bodies formed with the 4 elements |
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Term
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Definition
-A skandha or aggregate of personality
-sensation, contact
-The five physical senses are the bases of contact with physical objects.
-Involuntary feeling that something is pleasant/unpleasant/neutral |
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Term
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Definition
-A skandha or aggregate of personality
-perception
-largely unnoticed processes of recognition, association and interpretation that swarm from contact with sensory and mental objects |
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Term
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Definition
-A skandha or aggregate of personality
-mental formations, constructing activities
-Most significant are Conditioned reactions and volitional acts
-This skandha creates a reaction where craving and aversion come from |
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Term
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Definition
-A skandha or aggregate of personality
-consciousness
-the forms of consciousness arise from moment to moment based on the activities of other factors
-the emergent medium of seeming continuity from moment to moment |
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Term
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Definition
-Basic ethics for both lay and ordained people
1. No Killing
2. No Stealing
3. No sexual Misconduct
4. No Lying
5. No Intoxicants |
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Term
What are the 5 wholesome counterparts of the 5 precepts?
1. No killing
2. No stealing
3. No sexual Misconduct
4. No lying
5. No intoxicants |
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Definition
1. compassion, loving-kindness
2. renunciation, generosity
3. contentment with celibacy, or fidelity for lay person)
4. love of truth
5. mindfulness, clear awareness |
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Term
| What are the 3 Treasures / Jewels? |
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Definition
1. Buddha
2. Dharma
3. Samgha
-Where you can find the resources needed to escape samasara |
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Term
| What is the 'Buddha' of the 3 Jewels? |
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Definition
-The historical Buddha as manifestation of truth, his life as guide.
-Buddha as an awakened salvific manifestation |
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Term
| What is the 'Dharma' of the 3 Jewels? |
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Definition
-the buddhist teachings
-also truth, the nature of reality |
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Term
| What is the 'Samgha' of the 3 Jewels? |
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Definition
| -the community of buddhist practitioners, especially monks and nuns |
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Term
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Definition
| Giving to the samgha and good deeds lead to higher rebirth, eventually to life as a monk |
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Term
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Definition
-Monastic Rules
-Set forth during Buddhas lifetime |
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Term
| Lifestyle of the ordained, according to the Vinaya |
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Definition
-Renouncing family and possessions
-Possessions of monks and nuns considered property of the samgha
-Agreement to rules of community
-Commitment to wandering life |
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Term
| Four Basic Qualia of Presence of Mind: |
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Definition
-Body
-Feelings
-Mind
-Mind Objects |
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Term
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Definition
-Mind
-Noticing and understanding our desire, hatred, and delusion through meditation |
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Term
| The Body in Mindfulness Practice |
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Definition
1. Breathing
2. Posture
3. Activities
4. impurities
5. elements
6-14) nine stages of decay of corpse |
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Term
The 5 Hindrances in Mindfulness Practice
"qualities" or mind-objects |
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Definition
1. desire
2. hostility
3. dullness
4. agitation
5. doubt |
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Term
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Definition
-basic patterns or processes "experienced as making up the flow of mental and physical phenomena"
-these are the patterns that replicate, that all come up together, and keep replicating together |
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Term
| What are the Dhammas (watching qualities)? |
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Definition
The Monk watches the qualities with regard to:
1. The Five Hindrances
2. the five aggregates
3. the six internal and external spheres of sense
4. the seven constituents of awakening
5. the four noble truths |
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Term
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Definition
-Not to explain reality, but to explain how delusion comes about, and how it can be overcome
-it is pure prajna (wisdom) |
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Term
| Philosophy in Abhidharma: |
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Definition
-more to do with method than content
-concerned with how to answer questions rather than the answer themselves |
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Term
| Metaphysics in Abhidharma: |
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Definition
-can be viewed as an investigation into what is beyond the physical
-views about what is reality, competing views about what reality is basically like
-Soteriology: understanding how reality works so you can be liberated |
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Term
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Definition
-interdependance as oneness
-we like the idea of oneness, that everything is connected
-you have to construct is to see it |
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Term
| 3 Categories of Twelve Fold Chain of Origination: |
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Definition
1. Past Basis
2. Present Conditions
3. Future Effects |
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Term
| Twelvefold chain of origination |
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Definition
| that chain made up of last basis, present conditions and future effects that make up how we come to be in the situation we are in where we experience dukkha. |
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Term
Twelvefold Chain of Origination
Past Basis: |
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Definition
1. Ignorance
2. Actions / Samskara, Karma (4th Aggregate) |
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Term
Twelvefold Chain of Origination
Present Condition: |
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Definition
3. Consciousness / Vijnana (5th Aggregate)
4.Names and Forms / Rupa (1st Aggregate, mental and physical phenomena
5. Six sense bases
6. Sense-contact
7. Sensation / Vedana (2nd Aggregate)
8. Desire / Trsna
9. Attachment
10. Becoming (existence, actions conditioning rebirth) |
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Term
Twelvefold Chain of Origination
Future Effects: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| concerned with questions concerning how we should live our lives, and how we should act toward others |
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Term
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Definition
1. Greed
2. Hatred
3. Delusion |
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Term
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Definition
| Someone who has attained the Nirvanic experience and been radically transformed by it |
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Term
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Definition
-the principle of conditionality, that all things, mental and physical, arise and exist due to the presence of certain conditions, and cease once their conditions are removed
-a network of precesses which could not exist apart from each other, yet are not the same as each other
-12 Nidana / Chain of Orignination |
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Term
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Definition
1. We should obey the moral rules because they relict the karmic causal laws
2.Counteract the three poisons and brakes the negative feedback loop
3. Benevolence, the obligation to help others, no reason to privilege one's own welfare |
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Term
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Definition
-loving-kindness
-compassion that is spontaneously motivated by seeing the suffering of others
-generating feelings of good-will towards beings, even enemies |
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Term
| What holds the Community of the ordained together? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a list of rules (found within the Vinyana) governing the behaviour of Buddhist monks and nuns |
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Term
| Levels of offence in the Pratimoska |
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Definition
| We do not need to know each level, but know that there is a structure from severe to minor offences |
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Term
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Definition
-only specific to nuns
-basic subordination of nuns
eg. nun may not correct any monk
or a nun who is guilty of a serious offence must undergo the penance of both monks and nuns |
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Term
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Definition
-everythign dependently originated is subject to origination, duration, and cessation
-for Dharma to operate in this way we think of it as having 3 or four distinct properties at different times |
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