rate of forward rxn=

rate of reverse rxn

• Both reactions are occuring  at the same time
• The conc of products and reactants are the same
• the conc of the reactants and products are made at the same time they are depleted
• aka the rxn is REVERSIBLE

For a reversible rxn at a given temperature the rxn will reach equilibrium when the:

• entrophy is at its  ________ level
• Gibbs free energy is at its ______ level

1. highest 

(most random)

2. miminum

(spontaneous rxns have a neg free energy value)

what is k_eq?

give the equation

aka

the ratio at equilibium ;

conc of products (c)(d)

conc of reactants(a)(b)

raise to their stoichmetric coefficients

aka law of mass action

k_c is the equilibrium constant 

for dilute solutions:

kc & keq are =

*its not neccessary to distinguish between them.

give k for this rxn:

1A+ 2B → 3D+ 4C

(ignore the unbalance)

(D)³ (C)⁴

 (A) (B)²

high/low

=

more products/ less reactants

forward rxn is favored

(equilibrium lies to the right)

t or f :

a large k = a faster rxn?

false,

a large k may still take a long time to reach equlibrium

reverse rxn is favored

(less products/more reactants)

neither forward or reverse rxn is favored

(like 2 pulling a table at opposite ends)

YES,

high temp=faster rxn

1

(despite many equlibrium positions

if k forward is 3.7,

then k reverse is 1/3.7

(the reciporcal_

the partial pressures of  a gas is proportional to its concentration.

same thing:

products/ reactants

units for k/kc

units for kp

1. M (concentration)

2. atm

no

conc of a solid depends on density

conc of pure liquid doesn't change

ratio of products / reactants

raised to their co-efficients

except: these values are at ANY POINT in the rxn (not just equalibrium)

 (Q_p)=

 pressures

how many values does

Qc have

kc have

Qc: many vlaues (as rxn procceeds)

kc: 1

when rxn only contains reactants

(0/1)= 0

(fraction rules)

rxn only contains only products

what does the reaction quotient measure?

Qc

helps measure the progress of the rxn towards equilibrium

Give realtionship btwn  Qc & k :

at equlibrium

Give realtionship btwn  Qc & k :

forward rxn

(Towards products)

G= negative!

Give realtionship btwn  Qc & k :

reverse rxn

(towards reactants)

more than zero (non spontaneous)

yes, 

increases/decreases can cause equilibrium to shift to left or right depending on whether rxn is exothermic/endothermic (ΔH).