Term
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Definition
| a calling requiring specialized knowledge and often long and intensive academic preparation |
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Term
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Definition
| more than technical competence, integrity, attitude, behaviors, priority is on the patient’s interest. As a profession, we need to reaffirm foundation principles. |
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Term
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Definition
| • first defined by Helper and Strand in 1990. Pharmacist assumes responsibility for medication therapy outcomes. Shift from product centered to patient centered focus. TO provide this, the pharmacist must: exercise sound professional judgment, demonstrate personal attributes such as integrity, accountability, and compassion. |
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Term
| 10 TRAITS: 1. Knowledge and skills |
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Definition
| (interact effectively with others, conveys information in an appropriate manner). |
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Term
| 10 traits 2. Commitment to self-improvement |
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Definition
| (able to reflect critically on actions. Can give/reveive constructive feedback). |
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Term
| 10 traits 3. Service orientation |
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Definition
| (recognizes and avoids conflicts of interest, provides service to the community and society at large, puts patient needs above their own) |
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Term
| 10 traits 4. Pride in profession |
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Definition
| (conscientious, well prepared for class and clinical rotations, displays a consisten effort to exceed minimum requirements; demonstrated quality work) |
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Term
| 10 traits 5. Covalent relationship with client |
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Definition
| (honors the patients values and belief systems. Respects and appreciated the diversity of his/her patients, maintains appropriate boundaries) |
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Term
| 10 traits 6. Creativity and innovation |
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Definition
| (contributes to quality improvement in all professional endeavors |
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Term
| 10 traits 7. Conscience and trustworthiness |
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Definition
| (truthful about facts or events, does not hide errors). |
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Term
| 10 traits 8. Accountability for work |
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Definition
| (accepts responsibility for errors determines how to prevent errors, does not participate in activities that impair judgment or compromise patient care responsibility, accountable for his/her academic and professional performance. |
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Term
| 10 traits 9. Ethically sound decision-making |
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Definition
| (controls emotions appropriately even under stressful conditions; maintains personal boundaries, prioritizes responsibility properly. |
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Term
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Definition
| (contributes to the profession, actively involved in professional organizations or other venues, helps promote a culture of professionalism). |
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Term
| 4 themes of professionalism |
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Definition
| structural, political, human resources, and symbolic. |
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Term
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Definition
| goals, curriculum, professional organization, code of conduct, honor code, dress expectations |
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Term
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Definition
| leadership positions in organizations |
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Term
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Definition
| role modeling, social aspects of professional college/organizations |
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Term
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Definition
| white coat ceremony, rituals of professional organizations, cultural expectations, values placed on dress/conduct codes, oath of a pharmacist, pinning ceremony and pledge of professionalism. |
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Term
| 7 ways professionalism and pharm care related 1-4 |
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Definition
Develop a sense of loyalty, duty, and accept accountability to their chosen healthcare profession and accept accountability for membership in the profession.
• Recognize the confidentiality of healthcare information provided by patients and recorded on their behalf.
• Hold as their primary responsibility the health, safety, welfare and dignity of all human beings.
• Respect and promote the value of diversity while ensuring equal treatment of all people who seek their care. |
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Term
| 7 ways professionalism and pharm care related 5-7 |
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Definition
• Foster professional competency through life-long learning, creativity, and innovation in practice and by striving for high ideals, teamwork, and unity within the profession in order to provide compassionate and effective patient care.
• Commit themselves and actively encourage their professional colleagues’ commitment to ethical practices as set forth by the healthcare professions.
• Dedicate their lives and practice to excellence, which includes ongoing assessment of personal and professional values. |
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Term
| pharmaceutical care involves |
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Definition
| the pharmacist assuming responsibility for the drug therapy outcomes in addition to the safe, accurate, and efficient distribution of pharmacy products. |
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Term
| 10 characteristics according to the article |
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Definition
| 1. Prolonged specialized training in a body of abstract knowledge. 2. A service orientation. 3. An ideology based on the original faith professed by members. 4. An ethic that is binding on the practitioners. 5. A body of knowledge unique to the members. 6. A set of skills that forms the technique of the profession. 7. A guild of those entitled to practice the profession. 8. Authority granted by society in the form of licensure or certification. 9. A recognized setting where the profession is practiced. 10. A theory of societal benefits derived from the ideology. |
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Term
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Definition
| the active demonstration of the traits of a professional. |
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Term
| professional socialization (professionalization) |
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Definition
| the process of inculcating a professions attitude, value, and behaviors in a professional. The goal of profession socialization is to develop professionalism, as defined by the 10 characteriscs. |
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Term
| Students should learn 2 parallel concepts: |
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Definition
| that they should assume more reasonability for patient care, and that they should assume more responsibility for their own professional development. |
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Term
| The 4 elements of medical ethics |
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Definition
| respect for autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, justice. |
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Term
| Respect for autonomy: Informed consent: 5 elements |
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Definition
Threshold elements:
1. competence (ability to understand the decision at hand)
Informational Elements:
2. disclosure of info (what reasonable person would expect in similar situation) and
3. Understanding of info (difficult to mearure, health professionals still obligated to assure)
Consent Elements:
4. Consent elements: Voluntariness (free from influence, coercion or manipulation) and
5. Authorization (patients must consent through a legally valid document) |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to not taking actions that would influct harm. Negligence (professional misconduct). You msut have duty to the affected party, you must break that duty, affected party must experience harm, harm must be caused by the breach of duty. |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to taking actions that will do good (render the full measure of professional ability). to do good, to remove harms, to promote welfare (balance risk and enefits of therapy), may confligt with autonomy at time. leads to the development of risk-benefit-cost models to aid in ethical decision-making. (you should try to maximize the benefit and minimize cost and risk) |
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Term
| the conflict between nonmaleficence and beneficence |
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Definition
| no medical treament is ompletely safe or completely effective. always therapeutic failures, always unintended adverse consequences. |
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Term
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Definition
| this concept has interesting implications for current healcare reform debate. justice may be though of as the equal opportunity of all people to obtain treatment, regardless of wealth of social status. |
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Term
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Definition
| just is form of utility ie: the system for balancing risks, benefits, and costs must balance private and public benefits risks and costs. |
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Term
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Definition
| values individual liberty, so free-market basis for health care is considered the most just form. |
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Term
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Definition
| while not every person is entitles to equal share, vertain distributions of burdens and benefits should be equally available. basis for basic rights of all citizens, such as right to vote. |
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Term
| focus on distributive functions |
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Definition
| procurement, storage and integrity, selection, preparation, dispensing, transportation, documentation, monitoring. |
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Term
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Definition
| buyer's buy-in, la/sa considerations, auto substitution, shortages/recalls/diverted products. |
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Term
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Definition
| temperature (monitoring, power outage plans), seperation of la/sa products (policies and procedures), expiration dating, security (crash carts/bedside supplies/automated dispensing cabinets). |
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Term
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Definition
| pharmacist must gather info from patients, pharmacist must record info in patient database, pharm must clarify questions and discrepancies, pharmacist must prepare medications for patient, pharmacist must counsel patient about correct use, pharmacist must monitor patients. |
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Term
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Definition
| unit dosing/repacking, sterile compunding, non-sterile compounding, chemotherapy/hazardous materials, labeling, cart fills, pharmacist verification |
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Term
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Definition
| right patient, right drug, right dose, right route, right time. |
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Term
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Definition
| communication with prescriber, interventions, recommendations |
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Term
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Definition
Preventable events that occur at any stage in the medication use process resulting in patient harm (Adverse Drug Event) or inappropriate medication use.
prescribing
dispensing
administration |
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Term
| problems with seeking and receiving therapy |
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Definition
| patient must recognize potential health problem, patient must seek care, patient must be able to access care, patient must accurately describe symptoms, patient must will prescription, patient must take the prescription as directed. |
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Term
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Definition
| error of commission, error of omission, correct drug, incorrect drug, no drug, |
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Term
| ga's definition of practice of pharmacy |
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Definition
| interpretation, evulation, or dispensing of prescription drug orders in the patients best interest. participation in drug and device selection, drug administration, drug regimen reviews, and drug or drug-related research. |
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Term
| ga's definition of the practice of pharmacy 3-4 |
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Definition
provision of patient counseling and the provision of those acts or services necessary to provice pharmacy care
the responsibility for compounding and labeling of drugs and devices |
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Term
| ga's definition of the practice of pharmacy 5-6 |
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Definition
performing capillary blood tests and interpreting the results as a means to screen for or monitor disease risk factors and facilitate patient education.
pharm's performing such functions shall report the results obtained form such blood tests to the patient's physician of choice. |
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Term
| duties of the board of pharmacy |
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Definition
| responsible for the regulation of pharmacists and pharmacies in ga. enforce the georgia controlled substance act and maintain the listing of the dangerous drug act (all drugs are dangerous) |
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Term
| GDNA (ga drugs and narcotics agency) |
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Definition
| serves as the law enforcement and regulatory division of the ga state board of pharmacy |
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Term
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Definition
| investigate violations of ga controlled substances act and dangerous drug act. inspect every facility licensed to handle, possess, distribute or dispense pharmaceuticals. educate law enforcement, registrants, and the general public as to the currect drugs of abuse. act as the info resource for pharm and drug questions, compile annual list of known dangerous drugs. |
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Term
| gdna has the authority to |
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Definition
| conduct an ispenctino of any pharmacy at any time with out w/o cause. examine, copy, remove, or inventory all controlled substance and/or dangerous drugs. |
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Term
| requirements of licensure |
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Definition
| 18 yeards old, be of good moral character, graduate from a recognized pharmacy school, 1500 hours of intership required to take exams. |
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Term
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Definition
naplex = 75
mpje = 75
ga practical exam - consists of lab compounding, errors and omissions, and clinical comprehension. 60 each and 75 overall. |
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Term
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Definition
| shall have supervision of not more than one pharmacy for the conduction of business related to prescriptions within and access to said retail pharmacy. |
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Term
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Definition
| sign shall be displayed on the entrance to prescription department. not less than 3 inches in size. no script shall be filled, compounded, or dispensed. scripts can be dropped off by patients provided there is a drop box which can only be accessed by a licensed pharmacist. can't exceed more than 3 hours daily, or 1.5 hours at any time. |
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Term
| 1998 ga pharmacy practice act |
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Definition
| enacted to comply with the requirements of OBRA and to enhance the public health and welfare. |
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Term
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Definition
| requires a pharmacist, pharmacy intern, or pharmacy extern to at least offer to counsel all patients on medication received. Impatients, inmates, and health dept patients are exempt from this law. |
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Term
| what to discuss with the patient |
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Definition
name and description of drug, instruction for use and proper storage, intended use and expected action, sepcial directions and precautions, possible adverse effects and common drug interactions, techiniques for self monitoring.
requires documentation that the patient received or refused counseling on each script. |
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Term
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Definition
pic/manager examines stock in regular intervals of not more than 6 months duration. no drug or device that is outdated shall be dispensed. proper disposal methods should be employed for controlled and non-controlled substances.
controlled -> gdna agent, dea agent, licensed reverse distributor.
non-controlled substances -> licensed reverse distributor. |
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Term
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Definition
| if patient has no refills: must attempt to contact prescriber, may dispense up to 72 hour supply of a prescribed non-controlled medication. must make an original prescription, no limit to number of times this can occur. |
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Term
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Definition
| must use professional judgement. patient must maintain a relationship with the prescribing physician to be valid. patient must be taking medication correctly. |
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Term
| requirements for incoming transfer |
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Definition
name of pharm/inter/extern receiving order.
name and number of transferring pharmacy.
name of pharm/intern/extern providing transfer
date the transfer was received
date the drug was originally dispensed
number of valid refills remaining
date of last fill
pharmacy's name, address, number, dea number, and rx serial number from transferring pharmacy. |
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Term
| requirements for outgoing transfers |
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Definition
| transfer shall be indicated on the face of the script. name and phone number of pharmacy where script was trasnferred. name of pharmacist who received info. date of script transfer. |
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Term
| retail pharmacy staffing ratios |
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Definition
| one pharm can supervise one intern, one extern, and 3 techs as one time. |
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Term
| ga's drug substitution law |
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Definition
| purpose is to make available the lowest retail priced drug product in stock. ga does not recognize DAW boxes. |
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Term
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Definition
| script written using generic name, must dispense the least expensive product in stock. can't indicate a generically written script as brand necessary. |
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Term
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Definition
| limited formulary of drugs, have own dea number, can prescribe schedule !!! and IV oral anaglesics. cant' prescribe cII's. all oral drugs limited to a 72 hour dupply. 60 days of therapy with glaucoma meds. |
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Term
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Definition
| specific protocol agreement with physician. can't prescribe c2's.can't fill out of state NP prescriptions. scripts must include names of NP and MD. |
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Term
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Definition
| protocol with supervising physician. can't fill out of state PA scripts. uses dea number of supervising physician. pharm do not assume liability when filling PA scripts. can't prescribe c2's. |
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Term
| unit-dose or unit-of-use packaging |
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Definition
| brand or generic name, strength, lot number, expiration date. |
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Term
| labeling parenteral solutions |
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Definition
| supplementary label: name and amount of drug added, date and time of addition, expiration date, identity of person making solution. |
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Term
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Definition
| high potential for abuse. have no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the US. there is a lack of accepted safetly for use of the drug or other substance under medical supervision. |
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Term
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Definition
| high potential for abuse. have currently accepted medical use in treatment in the us or a currently accepted medical use with severe restrictions. abuse of the drug or other substance may lead to severe phsychological or physical dependence. ex: oxycodone, cocaine, methadone. |
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Term
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Definition
| have a currently accepted medical use in treatment in us. abuse of drug or other substance may lead to moderate or low physical dependence or high pscyhological dependence. ex: testosterone, ketamine. |
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Term
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Definition
| abuse of the drug or other susbstance may lead to limited phyeical or psych dependence. ex: alprazolam, carisoprodol. |
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Term
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Definition
| ex: lomotil. have the lowerst potential for abose. |
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Term
| controlled script requirements |
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Definition
| name, address, number and dea of prescriber. refills (limited to 6 months from date written) no refills for c2. emergency dispensing is ok when it's necessary, no alternatives. can take oral authorization from prescriber, but only adequate quanitity to get through emergency. 7 days to receieve written scripts from prescriber. |
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Term
| partial fillings of cII's |
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Definition
is ok when: pharmacy does not have sufficient stock. patients is in ltcf or hospice, is terminally ill.
not ok: patient only requests part of the quanitity, script is written for larger quanitity that doc wants them to have at one time. |
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Term
| 3 federal options for filing scripts |
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Definition
1. three seperate files ( c2, c3-4, non controlled)
2. two separate files (c2 and others)
3. controlled and non controlled. |
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Term
| classes of morality: preconventional |
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Definition
| stages 1-2. obedience. obeys managers rather than laws. egoism: gives patient what he/she wants. |
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Term
| classes of morality: conventional |
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Definition
| interpersonal concordance (refilling w/o . law and duty to the social order (wont do because its illegal) |
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Term
| classes of morality: postconventional |
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Definition
societal consensus: working with others to set up system
nonarbitrary social cooperation: refill or refusing depending on whats best for patient. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1. knowledge and skills 2. commitment to self improvement 3. service orientation 4. pride in profession 5. covalent relationship with client 6. creativity and innovation 7. consceicne and trustworthiness 8. accountability for work 9. ethically sound decision making 10. leadership |
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