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DTCC MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY: Ch.9 Vocabulary(Blood)
Vocabulary(Blood) Ch.9:DTCC (MED-121-001.002)
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11/24/2009

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Term
Agglutination
Definition
a clumping of cells as a result of interaction with specific antibodies (agglutinins). Agglutinins are used in blood typing and identifying or estimating the strength of immunoglobulins or immune serums
Term
Albumin
Definition
A plasma protein. A type of protein widely distributed in the tissues and fluids of plants and animals. In human blood it helps to regulate the blood pressure and blood volume in the body.
Term
Allergen
Definition
Any substance that causes a hypersensitivity reaction in the body.
Term
Allergy
Definition
A hypersensitive reaction to normally harmless antigens. Usually caused by environment.
Term
Anisocytosis
Definition
Condition which is characterized by a considerable variation in the size of Red Blood cells.(RBCs)
Term
Antibodies
Definition
A substances produced by the body to protect itself from bacteria, viruses, or foreign substances. Each class of antibody is named for its action.
Term
Antigens
Definition
A substance, usually a protein, that stimulates the body's immune system to produce antibodies and reacts specifically with that antibody. (The name antigen reflects its role in stimulating an immune response - antibody generating.)
Term
Ascites
Definition
An abnormal accumulation of fluid in peritoneal cavity. Fluid usually contains large amounts of proteins and electrolytes.
Term
Basophil
Definition
A granulocytic white blood cell characterized by cytoplasmic granules that stain blue when exposed to basic dyes. Basophils - Make up less than 1% of white blood cells.
Term
Bilirubin
Definition
A orange-yellow pigment in the bile that forms by the break down of hemoglobin in red blood cells.
Term
Coagulation
Definition
To convert from a liquid to a semisolid mass. The process by which blood forms solid clots.
Term
Corpuscles
Definition
Any cell of the body; a red or white blood cell.
Term
Differentiation
Definition
The process by which a less specialized cell are modified to becomes a more specialized cell type.
Term
Dyscrasia
Definition
An abnormal condition of blood or bone marrow.
Term
Edema
Definition
Excessive accumulation of watery fluid in cells, tissues, or serous cavities
Term
Electrophoresis
Definition
A technique or process for separating different types of molecules by an electric current. This separates the proteins so that they can be identified.
Term
Enzyme
Definition
An organic substances that accelerates the rate of a chemical reaction
Term
Eosinophil
Definition
A type of white blood cell containing cytoplasmic granules that are easily stained by eosin or other acid dyes.
Term
Erythremia
Definition
An abnormal increase in red blood cells.
Term
Erythroblast
Definition
An immature red blood cell.
Term
Erythrocyte
Definition
An mature red blood cell.
Term
Erythropoiesis
Definition
The process of producing red blood cells
Term
Erythropoietin
Definition
A hormone secreted by the kidneys that stimulates the production of red blood cells.
Term
Fibrin
Definition
A stringy, insoluble protein that is essential to the clotting of blood.
Term
Fibrinogen
Definition
A plasma protein that is converted to fibrin by the action of thrombin in the presence of calcium ions.
Term
Globin
Definition
one of the 4 protein components of Hemoglobin in blood.
Term
Globulin
Definition
A plasma protein made in the liver. Helps in the synthesis of antibodies.
Term
Granulocyte
Definition
a leukocyte that characterized by the presence of cytoplasmic granules.
Term
Hematologist
Definition
Doctor specializing in Hematology.
Term
Hematology
Definition
The scientific study of blood and blood-producing organs
Term
Heme
Definition
red pigment containing iron containing, nonprotein portion of hemoglobin to which oxygen binds.
Term
Hemoglobin
Definition
a type of protein in the red blood cells that carries oxygen to the tissues of the body.
Term
Hemolysis
Definition
The destruction of red blood cells, and subsequent release of hemoglobin, at the normal end of the cell's life
Term
Hemorrhage
Definition
A heavy release of blood within or from the body
Term
Heparin
Definition
A naturally occurring anticlotting factor in the blood.
Term
Hyperalbuminemia
Definition
Increased levels of albumin in blood.
Term
Hyperbilirubinemia
Definition
Abnormally high amounts of bile pigment (bilirubin) in the blood
Term
Hyperlipemia
Definition
Excessive amounts of fats in the blood usually caused by a lipoprotein lipase deficiency or a defect in the conversion of low-density lipoprotein to high-density lipoprotein.(AKA-Hyperlipidemia)
Term
Ion
Definition
An electrically charged particle.
Term
Leukocyte
Definition
A white blood cell found in blood and lymph.
Term
Leukocytopenia
Definition
A decrease in the normal number of white blood cells in the circulating blood signifies less than 5,000 cells per cubic millimeter.
Term
Megakaryocyte
Definition
A large bone marrow cell
Term
Monocyte
Definition
A large mononuclear leukocyte
Term
Myeloid
Definition
of or relating to bone marrow in the spinal cord.
Term
Neutrophil
Definition
A polymorphonuclear granular leukocyte that is stainable by neutral dyes.
Term
Pancytopenia
Definition
An abnormal deficiency in red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.
Term
Pica
Definition
An abnormal craving or appetite for nonfood substances, such as dirt, paint, or clay.
Term
Plasma
Definition
watery fluid of the blood and lymph that erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets are suspended.
Term
Platelet
Definition
A clotting cell, a thrombocyte.
Term
Prothrombin
Definition
plasma protein precursor of thrombin. produced in the liver if adequate amounts of vitamin K is present.
Term
Reticulocyte
Definition
Immature erythrocytes contains a network of mesh-like threads and particles at the former site of the nucleus.
Term
Septicemia
Definition
The spread of an infectious agent throughout the body by means of the blood stream.
Term
Seroconversion
Definition
A change in serology test from negative to positive as antibodies develop in reaction to an infection of vaccine.
Term
serology
Definition
the branch of medical science that study of blood serum for evidence of infection by evaluating antigen-antibody reaction.
Term
Serum
Definition
The clear liquid portion that remains when blood clots. Contains no blood cells, fibrinogen or platelets
Term
Splenomegaly
Definition
an enlarged spleen
Term
Stem Cell
Definition
Cells that have the ability to self-replicate and give rise to specialized cells.
Term
Thrombin
Definition
An enzyme in blood that facilitates blood clotting by converting fibrinogen to fibrin.
Term
Thrombocyte
Definition
A clotting cell, or platelet
Term
Thrombocytopenia
Definition
abnormal drop in the number of platelets in the bloodstream.
Term
Thromboplastin
Definition
A complex substance that initiates clotting by converting prothrombin into thrombin in the presence of calcium ions
Term
Thrombus
Definition
A clot.
Term
Anaphylaxis
Definition
A Severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction resulting after a second exposure to a specific antigen
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