Term
| mediate most of the effects of morphine |
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Definition
|
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Term
| receptor that may play a role in the development of tolerance |
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Definition
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|
Term
| receptor that contribute to spinal analgesia and sedation |
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Definition
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Term
| at the presynaptic level, close the voltage-gated Ca channels decreasing calcium influx to inhibit excitatory neurotransmitters release from presynatpic terminals |
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Definition
| Mu, Kappa, Delta opioid receptors |
|
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Term
| activation of this receptor at the postsynaptic level hyperpolarize the second-order pain transmission neurons by increasing K conductance, evoking IPSP |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Morphine
Fentanyl (100:1 morphine)
Methadone (=morphine)
Meperidine (no antitussive) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Codeine (converts to morphine by CYP2D6)
Oxycodone
Hydrocodone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Propoxyphene (1/2 analgesic effect of codeine) |
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Term
| Cardinal signs of Opioid Overdose |
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Definition
| Triad of papillary constriction, comatose state and respiratory depression |
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Term
| What's responsible for most of the deaths in Opioid Overdose? |
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Definition
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Term
| Treatment of Opioid Overdose |
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Definition
| Use of antiagonists such as nalaxone and other therapeutic measures, especially ventilator support |
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Term
| Opioid Withdrawl Syndrome (Abstinence syndrome) |
|
Definition
| Rhinorrhea, Lacrimation, Chills, Gooseflesh, Muscle Aches, Diarrhea, yawning, anxiety and hostility |
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Term
| Treatment of Opioid Withdrawl |
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Definition
Naltrexone - orally- for long term maintenanceof opioid addicts
Methadone administered to addictes as part of detox regimen |
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Term
| Acute effects of Opioid Analgesics |
|
Definition
-Analgesia
-Sedation and Euphoria
-Respiratory Depression
-Antitussive actions
-Nausea and Vomiting
-Gastrointestinal Effects: Constipation
-Smooth Muscle (except Meperidine)
-Miosis
-Misc: Skin (flushing & Pruritis)
Release of ADH & Prolactin, but
may inhibit the release of LH |
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Term
| Chronic Effects of Opioid Analgesics |
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Definition
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Term
| Mixed Opioid Agonist-Antagonists |
|
Definition
-Buprenorphine
-Nalbuphine
-Butorphanol
-Pentazocine
-Tramadol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Naloxone
-Naltrexone
-Nalmefene |
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Term
| Used IV in opioid overdose - short duration of action (1-2hrs) |
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Definition
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Term
| Used in opioid overdose - longer duration of action (8-10hrs) |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Morphine
-Methadone
-Meperidine
-Fentanyl
-Levorphanol
-Oxycodone |
|
|
Term
| Mild to moderate Opioid Analgeics |
|
Definition
-Codeine
-hydrocodone
-Oxycodone |
|
|
Term
| Higher doses may cause mental clouding and result in stupurous or even comatous state |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Nausea and Vomiting Effect of Opioid analgeics is due to what |
|
Definition
activation of chemoreceptor trigger zone
-increased by ambulation |
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|
Term
| 2 pharmalogical effects that aren't effected by Tolerance |
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Definition
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|
Term
-agonist at mu receptors
-Inhibits neuronal reuptake of Serotonin and NE |
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Definition
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Term
| Opioid used for its antitussive effects |
|
Definition
| Dextromethorphan (Robutussin DM) |
|
|
Term
| Opioids used for Antidiarrheal effects |
|
Definition
Diphenoxylate - behind the counter - combined w/ Atropine
Loperamide (Immodium) - very poor penetration into the CNS |
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