Term
| This prototypical opioid anesthetic acts primarily on mu receptors: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Morphine acts primarily on these receptors: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Morphine inhibits CO2 chemoreceptors, causing: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| One of the best ways to check for morphine's effectiveness is to examine: |
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Definition
| The pupils. Morphine causes miosis, leading to unresponsiveness of the pupils to light. |
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Term
| Morphine acts on mu receptors on mast cells, ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| The morphine-__-glucuronide metabolite causes potent side effects and analgesia. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Side effects of morphine include: |
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Definition
| Euphoria, addiction, emesis, respiratory depression, miosis, constipation, tolerance, and dependence. |
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Term
| Loperamide is clinically used to treat: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| This opioid agonist does not cross the BBB and is used to treat uncontrolled diarrhea. |
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Definition
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Term
| These two drugs are used in emergency situations, are short-acting, and more potent than morphine. |
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Definition
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Term
| Fentanyl and sufentanil have a ______duration of action. |
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Definition
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Term
| Fentanyl and sufentanil are _____ potent than _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Methadone is clinically used to treat symptoms of withdrawal from this drug: |
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Definition
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Term
| Methadone has a very ___ half life. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Methadone is(competitive/noncompetitive) with morphine and heroin. |
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Definition
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Term
| This drug competes out heroin and morphine, and is used for symptoms of withdrawal. |
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Definition
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Term
| Diacetylmorphine is better known as: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| This modified molecule of morphine is more lipophilic and crosses the BBB. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| This drug is a weaker agonist than morphine, and is given in much lower doses. |
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Definition
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Term
| Pentazocine and buprenorphine act primarily on this receptor: |
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Definition
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Term
| Pentazocine and buprenorphine antagonize ____ at the _______. |
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Definition
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Term
| Pentazocine and buprenorphine have less likelihood of _____ and _______ than morphine. |
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Definition
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Term
| K-acting drugs, like buprenorphine and pentazocine, may cause: |
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Definition
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Term
| Naloxone is a ___ acting opioid antagonist used to treat overdose. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| This rapid-acting, short-lived (t1/2 = 60min) competitive antagonist is used to treat opioid overdose. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Naloxone is clinically used to treat: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Naltrexone is a competitive antagonist with a ___ half life. |
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Definition
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Term
| This drug is given with naloxone to avoid relapse into overdose. |
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Definition
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Term
| This long-acting competitive antagonist is given with naloxone to treat overdose. |
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Definition
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Term
| Imipramine, desipramine, and amitriptyline are all: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Amoxapine and maprotiline are: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| List the first generation TCAs: |
|
Definition
| Imipramine, desipramine, and amitriptyline |
|
|
Term
| List the second generation TCAs: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| This first generation TCA is more selective for NET: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inhibiting the actions of NET and SERT |
|
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Term
| These drugs act by inhibiting the actions of NET and SERT. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This generation of TCAs is more selective for NET: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Short-term side effects of TCAs include: |
|
Definition
| Sedation, confusion, decreased motor coordination, initial nausea, and NARROW THERAPEUTIC WINDOW |
|
|
Term
| Long-term effects of TCAs include: |
|
Definition
| Long half-life (interact w/ other antidepressants), postural hypotension, anti-muscarinic (anti-SLUDGE) effects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inhibiting the action of SERT |
|
|
Term
| Fluoxetine and escitalopram are examples of: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Advantages of SSRIs include |
|
Definition
| Less anti-muscarinic AEs, less dangerous, many uses (depression, panic/OCD/anxiety disorders) |
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|
Term
| SSRIs are less effective for: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Concominant use of SSRIs, TCAs, and/or MAOIs can result in: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Symptoms of serotonin syndrome include: |
|
Definition
| Hypertensive crisis, euphoria, coma, death |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anorexia, nausea, insomnia, anorgasmia, loss of libido, increase rate of suicide in teens |
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|
Term
| Venlafaxine and duloxetine act by: |
|
Definition
| Inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin and NE |
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|
Term
| These antidepressants inhibit the reuptake of 5HT and NE. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Irreversibly inhibiting MAO, which increases the concentration of monoamines in the synaptic cleft |
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Term
| This MAOI is unique in that it is both reversible and selective. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Phenylzine, tranylcypromine, moclobemide, and selegiline are examples of: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Moclobemide is selective for: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Selegiline is selective for: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Long-term AEs of MAOIs include: |
|
Definition
Long duration of action, Rx-Rx interactions --> Indirect sympathomimetics + MAOIs = Hypertensive crisis;
Inhibits enzymes |
|
|
Term
| General side effects of MAOIs include: |
|
Definition
| Hypotension, excessive central stimulation, tremors, insomnia, convulsions, weight gain, liver disease (phenylzine), and anti-muscarinic effects |
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|
Term
| Dining on cheese and wine while taking an MAOI will cause: |
|
Definition
| Increased concentrations of tyramine --> hypertensive crisis |
|
|
Term
| Drug-Food interactions involveing wine, cheese, and MAOIs can be avoided by: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Irreversibly inhibiting nAChRs |
|
|
Term
| Not only does bupropion inhibit nAChRs, but it also inhibits: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bupropion is clinically used for: |
|
Definition
| Depression, smoking cessation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inhibiting 5HT reuptake and enhancing the release of 5HT and NE |
|
|
Term
| This antidepressant acts by inhibiting 5HT reuptake, as well as enhancing release of 5HT and NE |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This mu-opioid agonist may have higher concentrations due to MAOIs: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This anti-epileptic drug used to treat bipolar disorder blocks Na+ Channels: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Carbamazepine is an anti-epileptic drug that is sometimes used to treat: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This anti-epileptic drug used to treat bipolar disorder enhances GABA-A: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Valproate, which is used to treat bipolar disorder enhances: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This anti-epileptic drug used to treat acute manic-phase bipolarism inhibits cation (Ca) channels from opening: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gabapentin may be used to treat this phase of bipolar disorder: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inhibiting the opening of Ca channels |
|
|
Term
| This drug is a prophylactic treatment for both the manic and depressive phases of bipolar disorder: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lithium must be constantly monitored because of its: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This is thought to be the underlying MOA of lithium: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lithium is taken up by ______ channels, and it blocks _____ channels. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Side effects of lithium include: |
|
Definition
| Nausea, vomiting, polyuria, renal tubular damage w/ long term treatment, weight gain, interfere with thyroid function |
|
|
Term
| Lithium inhibits this hormone, leading to increased loss of fluids and electrolytes. |
|
Definition
|
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