Term
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Definition
| high risk of falls, hypoxia, brain damage; Difficult to detect and diagnose |
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Term
| Drug-induced seizures; Majority are singular events that occurred within 24 hours after ingestion of toxic dose; OF these, chronic use predisposed this group to seizure |
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Definition
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Term
| Drug-induced seizures; often used to treat refractory status epilepticus (last line)--- experienced EEG changes during induction, etc |
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Definition
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Term
| Drug-induced seizures; high incidence of seizures; pts with hyperventilation and hypocapnia predisposed |
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Definition
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Term
| Drug-induced seizures; usually culprits of all adverse drug events in the hospital |
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Definition
| Antibiotics (Penicillins; Carbapenems; FLuoroquinolones) |
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Term
| Renally dose adjusted because of seizure potential; |
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Definition
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Term
| Potential for causing seizures; usually happens in overdose setting |
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Definition
| Antidepressants; especially Tri-cyclics; Bupropion 2% overall |
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Term
| Highest incidence of seizures of all the older antipsychotics |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Highest of atypical agents (10% risk of seizures in 4 year period) |
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Definition
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Term
| Drug-induced seizures; Stimulants |
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Definition
| children at risk for ADHD inherently have higher risk for seizures; conflicting case series reports and studies |
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Term
| Predisposing risk factors for seizures |
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Definition
| History; alterered blood brain barrier (inflammation, infection), concomitant drug use, impaired elimination, elderly |
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Term
|
Definition
| stop/taper offending drug if possible; risk of second acute seizures (may need pharmacologic intervention); acute treatment (benzodiazepines to control acute seizure activity) |
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Term
| Visual Disturbances: Drugs |
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Definition
| Amiodarone, Chloroquine, Corticosteroids, Hydroxychlorquine, Lamotriene, Sildenafile, tadalafil, vardenafil |
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Term
| Predisposing risk factors (visual changes) |
|
Definition
| genetic predisposition, drug dosage, cumulative dosage, underlying disease states, anatomic predisposition, concomitant drug use |
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Term
| Underlying disease states causing visual changes |
|
Definition
| high myopia, diabetes, connective tissue disease disorders (RA) |
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Term
| Prevention and Management (Visual Changes) |
|
Definition
| Avoiding agents, monitoring dosage, routine exams, patient education; management: discontinuation, symptomatic relief |
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Term
|
Definition
| Aminoglycosides, Diuretics, NSAIDS, salicylates, platinum-based chemotherapy, tetracyclines, vancomycin? |
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|
Term
| formation of reactive oxygen species, loss of hair cells, loss of spiral ganglion |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| changes in mitochondrial function, direct cell death, decreased number of hair cells |
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Definition
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|
Term
| disruption of endocochlear fluid homeostasis, endolymph changes |
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Definition
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|
Term
| decreased cochlear blood flow |
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Definition
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|
Term
| activation of NMDA receptors |
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Definition
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|
Term
| If you give this too quickly in too high of a dose (IV push) you drastically change the fluid levels in the ear, causing the patient temporary hearing loss |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| aminoglycosides and chemotherapy |
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|
Term
| COX inhibition causing bronchospasm |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Can exacerbate bronchospasms |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| bradykinin production (induced cough) |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Amiodarone,Bleomycin, Busulfan, Carmustine, Methotrexate, Mitomycin, |
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|
Term
| Most widely reported non-cytotoxic drug to cause pulmonary fibrosis; unique molecular structure |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Highly amphiphilic, inhibits lysosomal phospholipases, followed by breakdown of phospholipid containing macrophages |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Strong oxidizer of iron and oxygen; generates fibrin in the alveolar spaces--- "BOOP" |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Drug Induced heart failures |
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Definition
| Glitazones, Anti-arrhythmic agents, Anthracyclines, NSAIDs, BBs, CCBs |
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|
Term
| Fluid retention, increased vascular permeability thorugh VEGF, nitric oxide, protein kinase C? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Highest incidence of drug-induced exacerbated HF |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dependent on mean cumulative dose; due to oxidative damage, formation of toxic oxidative free radicals |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Highest risk of HF with Glitazones |
|
Definition
| Older age, advanced DM, previous HF |
|
|
Term
| only anti-arrythmics that do not cause HF |
|
Definition
| amiodarone and dofetilide |
|
|
Term
| vasoconstriction of afferent arterioles; disruption of renal homeostasis; leading to sodium and water retention ---> HF |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Reduce contractility through competitive antagonism with beta1 receptors; term therapy beneficial to heart failure pts, start low, go slow |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| More likely to occur in pts with lower EF; more likely to occur in pts with HF and s/p MI; due to strong negative inotropy |
|
Definition
| Ca Channel blockers Diltizem, Nifedipine |
|
|
Term
| Anthracycline cardiomyopathy |
|
Definition
| may use coenzyme Q10, pretreatment with antihistamines, antiadrenergics, cromolyn sodium, n-acetylcysteine, dexrazoxane indicated in women with breast cancer.... |
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|
Term
| General treatment for acute HF exacerbations |
|
Definition
| Diuresis, Vasoactive medications in severe cases |
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|
Term
| Drug becomes concentrated within urine/ureters allowing crystal formation |
|
Definition
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