Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Drug 3:6
medication
25
Medical
Professional
03/08/2009

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Azelastine HCl (Astelin)
Definition

Dosage Forms: nasal spray

Indications: nonallergic vasomotor rhinitis and seasonal allergic rhinitis

Class/Subclass: antiallergic agent

Comments: a setelin for aze last time

Term
Budesonide (Rhinocort Aqua)
Definition

Dosage Forms: Nasal Spray 32 mcg (120 doses) Indications: Treatment of seasonal and perennial rhinitis symptoms in adults and children (6 yrs and older).

Class/Subclass: Upper Respiratory Agents/ Antiallergy Comments: Committing a rhino homicide while on budesonide will land you in rhinocort.

Term
Triamcinolone Acetonide (Nasacort® AQ)
Definition
Dosage Forms: Nasal Spray 55mcg/spray. Indications: Seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis Class/Subclass: Upper Respiratory Agents/ Antiallergy
Term
Insulin Glargine, rDNA origin (Lantus)
Definition

Dosage Forms: Injections : 100 units/mL in 10 mL vials and 3 mL cartridges

Indications: Once-daily subcutaneous administration at bedtime in the treatment of adult and pediatric patients with DM1 or adult patients with DM2

Class/Subclass: anti-diabetic (hyperglycemia) Comments: convenient pen; mixing or diluting with other insulins is a major No-No; My name is Long, so just think of me because I’m so undeniably unforgettable, and you’ll instantly recall that Lantus contains the ‘Long’-acting version of insulin

Term
Insulin Aspart, rDNA orgin (Novolog)
Definition

Dosage Forms: 100 units per mL (10 mL vials, 3 mL cartridges and prefilled syringes), Novolog Mix 70/30.

Indications: Type I diabetes, Type II diabetes Class/Subclass: Antidiabetic

Comments: Each dose must be individualized. Advise to administer close to a meal (within 5-10 mins). Hypoglycemina-side effect. Store in refrigerator not freezer!

Term
Insulin (Humulin®)
Definition

Dosage Forms: Injectable solutions or suspensions: NPH, Regular,70%/30%,50%/50%.

Indications: diabetes I & II

Class/Subclass: Antidiabetic agent Comments: -rotate injection sites -if a dose skipped, take it as soon as possible

Term
INSULIN LISPRO ( rDNA origin)(HUMALOG)
Definition

Dosage Forms: injection,solution

Indications: Diabetes Mellitus, control of hyperglycemia

Class/Subclass: Insulin/ Antidiabetic

Comments: Patients should wear diabetic identification (Medic-Alert) so appropriate treatment can be given if complications occur away from home. .

Term
Glipizide (Glucotrol, Glucotrol XL)
Definition

Dosage Forms: 5mg & 10mg tablets, 2.5mg, 5mg, & 10mg XL tablets

Indications: as an adjunct to diet, to reduce insulin dependence in diabetic patients

Class/Subclass: Antidiabetic/ sulfonylurea Comments: works to stimulate insulin production and secretion from beta cells. food delays absorption. hypoglycemia may occur, so blood glucose testing should be done regularly

Term
Glyburide (Micronase, Diabeta)
Definition
Dosage Forms: Tablets (1.25, 2.5, 5mg) Indications: Type II Diabetes Mellitus Class/Subclass: Antidiabetic, Sulfonylurea Comments: Take with the first meal of the day. Patient should be aware of the signs of hypoglycemia.
Term
Glimepiride (Amaryl)
Definition

Dosage Forms: Tablets: 1 mg, 2 mg, and 4 mg Indications: To lower blood glucose in patients with Type II diabetes mellitus

Class/Subclass: Antidiabetic/Sulfonylurea Comments: Follow prescribed diet closely

Term
Glyburide and Metformin Hydrochloride (Glucovance)
Definition

Dosage Forms: Tablets: 1.25mg/250mg, 2.5mg/ 500mg, 5mg/500mg

Indications: Glycemic control in patients with Type II Diabetes

Class/Subclass: Antidiabetic agent/ Antidiabetic combination product

Comments: Lactic Acidosis black box warning and interacts with many other commonly prescribed drugs including ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, anti-coagulants, many antibiotics, ect.

Term
Metformin HCl (GLUCOPHAGE;GLUCOPHAGE XR)
Definition

Dosage Forms: Tabs

Indications: type 2 diabetes

Class/Subclass: biguanide/antidiabetic

Comments: Off label use include antipsychotic-induced weight gain and polycystic ovary syndrome. (Met Gucci and went out to eat) (Met glucose in the form of eating)

Term
Pioglitazone hydrochloride (Actos)
Definition

Dosage Forms: 15, 30, & 45mg tablets

Indications: As an adjunct with diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in patients with Type 2 diabetes

Off Label: Can be used for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)

Class/Subclass: Antidiabetic / thiazolidinediones

Term
Rosiglitazone maleate (Avandia, Avandamet, Avandaryl)
Definition

Dosage Forms: Tablets (2mg, 4mg, 8mg) Indications: Type 2 Diabetes in conjunction with diet & exercise

Class/Subclass: Anti-diabetic Agent/Thiazolindinedione

Comments: Avoid use with nitrates and insulin. Not for treatment of type 1 DM. May cause or exacerbate congestive heart failure.

Term
Exenatide (Byetta®)
Definition

Dosage Forms: Injection, solution 250 mcg/ml Indications: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Class/Subclass: Antidiabetic agent Incretin mimetic agent

Comments: Relatively new drug, introduced in 2005. Causes weight loss in some patients. Made from Gila Monster venom (a poisonous lizard) – save the species to control blood glucose!

Term
Sitagliptin Phosphate (Januvia)
Definition

Dosage Forms: Tablets- 25mg, 50mg, 100mg. Indications: Type 2 diabetes mellitus Class/Subclass: Antidiabetic

Comments: -Not effective for treatment of type 1 diabetes -Can be taken with or without food.

Term
Penicillin V Potassium (Veetids, Pen-Vee K, V-Cillin)
Definition

Dosage Forms: Tablets, Oral Solution

Indications: Bacterial Infections

Class/Subclass: Anti-Infective Agent/ Penicillin Comments: WWII Miracle Drug Complete full treatment

Term
Amoxicillin Trihydrate(Amoxil, Apo-Amoxi, Novamoxin)
Definition

Dosage Forms: tablets, chewable tablets, capsules, liquid suspension (delicious).

 

Indications: Treatment of infections for beta lactamase negative microorganisms.

Conditions include: ear, nose, and throat infections, Gonorrhea, lower respiratory tract infections, and skin infections.

Class/Subclass: Anti-biotic, penicillin group Comments: Contraindicated for individuals with penicillin allergies.

Term
Amoxicillin Trihydrate/Clavulanate Potassium (Augmentin®/Augmentin XR®)
Definition

Dosage Forms: Tablets Oral Suspension Chewables Class/Subclass: Penicillin Antibiotic/Beta-lactamase inhibitor

Indications: Sinusitis, otitis media, lower respiratory tract infections, skin (staph) infections, urinary tract infections.

Comments: More readily absorbed when taken with food, DIARRHEA, DO NOT substitute by giving 2 pills!

Term
Cephalexin (Keflex)
Definition

Dosage Forms: Tablets, Capsules, and Suspensions. Indications: Infections due to streptococci, staphylococci, E. coli…

Class/Subclass: Cephalosporin Antibiotic

Comments: Pregnancy Category B, 1st generation Cephalosporin. WARNING: will alter absorption of estrogens (including oral contraceptives). Better on empty stomach w/ a full glass of water.

Term
Cefuroxime Axetil (Ceftin®)
Definition

Dosage forms: Tablets (125mg, 250mg and 500mg) Suspension (125mg/5ml and 250mg/5ml) Injection (750mg, 1.5g, and 7.5g)

Indications: Pharyngitis/tonsillitis Otitis media Class/Subclass: Cephalosporin (2nd generation)/antibiotic

Comments: Ceph: head CW inhibition via acylation of transpeptidase enzyme Highly stable to beta-lactamases Suspension = grub tab no grub My Cef-rox-me…so gotta…Axe-t-il

Term
Cefdinir (Omnicef)
Definition

Dosage Forms: Capsules, Powder for Oral Suspension

Indications: Pneumonia, Sinusitis, tonsillitis, Strep throat. infections caused by multiple strains( ex. Staph aureus, Strep. pyogenes, E. coli, K. pneumoniae,…)

Class/Subclass: Antibiotic/ Cephalosporin

Comments: 3rd generation Cephalosporin mechanism similar to penicillin with transpeptidase, reason to avoid with penicillin allergy. -Does not require refrigeration with suspension -!Do Not take iron or antacids within 2 hours of dose!

Term
Azithromycin Dihydrate (Zithromax, Zmax)
Definition

Dosage Forms: Tablets, Powders for suspension & Injections.

Indications: Acute bacterial sinusitis, Upper & lower respiratory tract infections, Genital ulcer disease. Class/Subclass: Macrolide Antibiotic

Comments: Entire course of antibiotics should be taken to eliminate the recurrence of infection.

Term
Clarithromycin (Biaxin®)
Definition

Dosage Forms: BIAXIN or Clarithromycin can be found in immediate and extended release tablets as well as granules for oral suspension. The yellow oval film-coated immediate-release BIAXIN tablet or generic Clarithromycin can be typically found in 250mg and 500mg strengths

 

Indications: It is an anti-infective thus its main indication is help treat and prevent infections. It is also indicative to help maintain the effectiveness of other antibiotics.

 

Class/Subclass: Clarithromycin is semi-synthetic anti-infectve of the macrolide class. Comments: If BY ACCident you infect yourself with some bacteria then take CLARITHROMYCIN

Term
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro®,Cipro®XR)
Definition

Dosage Forms: Tablets, Oral Suspension, Injection, Ophthalmic & Otic Formulations

 

Indications: bacterial infections caused by Gram neg. & Gram pos. bacteria, such as E. coli and S. pyogenes

 

Class/Subclass: Anti-infective/Fluoroquinolone antibiotic Comments: Don’t take antacids because they decrease bioavailability. Not for use by children or pregnant women because of permanent lesions in weight-bearing joints.

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