Term
|
Definition
Hematuria - RBC casts and dysmorphic RBCs
Lipiduria
Proteinuria
Rapidly progressive renal failure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Common- 5-10% of population
Glomerular disease with no proteinuria
Hematuria, minimal proteinuria and low Cr on renal biopsy |
|
|
Term
| 3 most common lab findings on biopsy in asymptomatic proteinuria |
|
Definition
normal
thin basement membrane nephropathy
IgA nephropathy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
indicative of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
Proliferation of parietal epithelial cells |
|
|
Term
| Rapidly Progressive (Crescenic) Glomerulonephritis |
|
Definition
Medical emergency
Renal failure
oliguria
edema
HTN
Proteinuria
hematuria - active sedement |
|
|
Term
| Causes of Crescenic Glomerulonephritis |
|
Definition
Direct immunoglobulin attack
Immune complex deposition
Pauci-immune |
|
|
Term
| Anti-GBM disease (Goodpasture syndrome) |
|
Definition
Linear deposits of IgG in the glomerular basement membrane
Can also affect the lungs |
|
|
Term
| Post infectious Glomerulonephritis |
|
Definition
Most common cause of acute GN worldwide
In situ immune complex formation to to glomerular desposition of streptococcal nephritogenic antigens |
|
|
Term
| Post infectious GN - clinical characteristics |
|
Definition
Hx of group A strep infections
Latent period of a few weeks
edema
gross hematuria
HTN |
|
|
Term
| Post infectious GN - lab findings |
|
Definition
Hematuria with and without RBC casts
Proteinuria
depressed C3 and CH50 complement activity
Elevated antibody titers to extracellular strep antigens |
|
|
Term
| Pauci-immune causes of crescenic glomerular nephritis |
|
Definition
Wegener granulomatosis
Churg-Strass syndrome
Microscopic polyarteritis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Massive proteinuria (3 g/24 hr/1/73 m^2)
Hypoproteinemia/hypoalbuminemia
Edema
Hyperlipidemia
Lipiduria |
|
|
Term
| Primary Nephrotic Syndrome |
|
Definition
Minimal change disease
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Membranous glomerulopathy |
|
|
Term
| Secondary Nephrotic Syndrome |
|
Definition
Diabetic glomerulopathy
Amyloidosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Nodular mesangial expansion - kimmelstiel wilson nodules
Most common primary diagnosis for pts with ESRD
CV disease is the leading cause of death among pts with diabetes on dialysis
Microalbuminuria is the fist clinical sign of diabetic damage to the kidney |
|
|
Term
| Most common primary diagnosis for pts with ESRD |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Leading cause of death among pts with diabetes on dialysis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| First clinical sign of diabetic damage to the kidney |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hematologic response correlates with renal response |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Also known as reactive amyloidosis
Occurs in pts with chronic inflammation
often progresses to ESRD |
|
|
Term
| Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN) |
|
Definition
Renal failure phase is typically 1-3 weeks but can very depending on initial insult
Renal recovery not guaranteed
Increased risk for developing chronic kidney disease
brown granular casts are seen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Surgery, Sepsis, bleeding (anything causing hypotension)
Aminoglycosides, Rhabdo, contrast, cisplatin |
|
|
Term
| Acute interstitial nephritis |
|
Definition
Non-specific symptoms of acute renal failure
Oliguria
Malaise
anorexia
N + V
Classic traid of low-grade fever, skin rash and arthralgias seen in 1/3 of pts |
|
|
Term
| Acute interstitial nephritis - lab findings |
|
Definition
Elevation in BUN and Cr
Abnormal UA - eosinophiluria
Eosinophilia
Renal biopsy is the gold standard for Dx |
|
|
Term
| Acute Interstitial Nephritis - pathological features |
|
Definition
Infiltration of inflammatory cells within the renal interstitium
Interstital edema in the kidney
Glomeruli and blood vessels are usually spared |
|
|
Term
| Causes of Acute interstitial nephritis |
|
Definition
Drug induced - antibiotics and NSAIDS
Infection associated
cases associated with autoimmune idiopathic lesions - anti-tubule basement membrane disease, TINU syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Chronic interstitial nephritis |
|
Definition
Slowly progressive chronic renal insufficiency
UA - either normal or sterile pyuria
mild proteinuria
HTN and anemia with moderate to advanced disease |
|
|
Term
| Chronic interstitial nephritis - pathological features |
|
Definition
atrophy of tubular cells with flattened epithelial cells and tubule dilation
Interstitial fibrosis
Areas of cellular infiltration within the interstitial compartment and between the tubules |
|
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