• reflect the design team's interpretation of the play
• exhibit a unity of style
• provide visual clues about the characters (location, period, season, time of day, culture)
• reflect on character (age, gender, occupation, socio-economic status)

"Design Process"

CARE-IS-PIE

C-ommitment

A-nalysis

R-esearch

E-valuation

I-ncubation

S-election

P-resentation

I-mplementation

E-valuation

1st reading: for fun

2nd reading: moments & ideas

(themes, mood, character, concepts, colors)

3rd reading: how to make it happen

(budget & time constraints, logistics)

• anything an actor wears onstage
• can include wearing nothing

• costume shop takes over
• designer works with shop on fabric choices

• costumes
• hats
• wigs or hair styles
• mustache or beard styles
• shoes and accessories
• armor

• time, money, & materials
• body type
• hair color (can be changed)
• skin tone (can be changed)
• movement of actor
• scenery (dirt, sand, water, stairs, furniture, doorways, etc.)

• rented
• built
• modify in-stock garments

• creation & manipulation of aural environment
• a technical/creative field
• involves being able to hear the actor's voice, which may be manipulated

• sound enters a system (through a mic) and becomes a signal
• signal can be manipulated in many ways before it comes out of a speaker

a mixer or soundboard

ex. push CD on your stereo and raise the volume

• invoke a particular mood
• help tell the story of the play (time period, location, time of day)
• ensure that the actors/singers can be heard

• reinforcement
• music
• sound effects

• supporting sound already being produced
• using mics to reinforce or amplify actor's vocals
• using mics to reinforce or amplify musical instruments

• used to cover the noise of moving scenery during scene changes
• used to invoke a particular mood of the play
• used to "glue" different scenes together and give a sense of cohesion
• music can be sound effects

• music that plays underneath an actor's dialogue or action
• used to evoke emotion

• help establish time period, location, time of day
• can invoke mood (ex. calm ocean waves vs. stormy ocean waves)
• support the characters' dialogue

• read the script (for overall sense of play, for specific sounds mentioned, for additional sound opportunities)
• evaluate
• research
• meet with director
• design sound system
• design sound cues
• quiet time
• tech

• ability of the designer
• money/time/materials
• needs of the production

• every cue is different
• what are the cues?
• where do they go?

• before tech
• time in the theater used to set initial volume levels and evaluate sound system
• time to program cues (if using a computer controlled system, these are place in the comp and levels can be set)

• refine volume levels
• refine cues
• perfect cueing with lighting designer and stage manager

• test all mics and speakers
• run through cues to ensure proper function

• the relative loudness or softness of the volume
• can also refer to the bass or treble, or sound effect
• this is set for a cue

• pre-production--a time of creating paperwork to be used throughout production
• rehearsal
• tech rehearsal and preview
• performance

• meetings
• cast, crew, designer info
• calendars created
• script--determined if any changes needed
• set designs finalized, finished

rehearsal

• ground plan "taped out"
• show rehearsed (blocking recorded)
• cues noted
• changes noted
• director's and actor's needs and wants recorded

• before production and essentially runs the show
• person in charge says when to stop and go; keeps everyone on time

• 8 out of 10 rule
• 10 out of 12 rule
• half-hour
• angle of raked stage
• equity cot
• actor and staff housing

• production calendar
• hiring of technical staff
• contracting designers
• manage technical staff
• provide a safe working atmosphere
• keep track of union rules for productions

• make sure designs are in on time and are approved by artistic staff
• arrange travel for out of town designers
• manage weekly meetings of current show
• run crew coordination

• keep track of union rules for production
• track budgets of departments
• assist SM in interpreting AEA regulations
• communication between production staff and administration

• understanding of all production aspects (lighting, sound, scenery, costumes, and stage management)
• organization/planning
• human resources
• able to create/keep calm atmosphere
• juggle multiple tasks
• communication
• able to stay one step ahead

• trap elevators
• stage elevators
• revolves and concentric revolves

• using chemicals or explosives to create smoke, light, and noise
• fireworks
• flash paper

• atmospheric effect
• creates mood as well as realism
• is an object, it will reflect light

• sets
• lighting
• costume
• sound
• makeup
• SFX
• catering
• transportation
• stage managers
• movers
• animal handlers
• rigging
• producing

• shows are shorter
• more variety
• union town

• set designers
• light designers
• costumers
• stage managers
• union employees (IATSE)

• crews are at sea for 6 months
• same shows every 7 days
• many use high-end equipment
• sets/lights/sound/stage managers/costumes

• architects
• home design
• architectural lighting
• interior paint design