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White Pine (Pinus strobus)
soft needles, 2-4 inches long, bundles of five |
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Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris)
picturesque of a Scotsman |
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| Austrian Pine (Pinus nigra) |
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Redbud Tree / Judas tree (Cercis canadensis)
named Judas tree because it is believed to be the type of tree Judas hung himself from |
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André Le Nôtre
father of modern landscaping |
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| Aerial view of gardens and palace at Versailles, begun 1660. Classical Style. |
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| Jules Mansard. Palace at Versailles, exterior view. Begun 1660. Classical Style. |
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| Charles Le Brun - father of interior design. Interior of Palace of Versailles: Galerie des Glaces. Begun 1660. Classical Style. |
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| fleur de lis - abstracted Lilly flower |
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| a formal garden construction on a level surface consisting of planting beds, edged in stone or tightly clipped hedging, and gravel paths arranged to form a pleasing, usually symmetrical pattern |
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| allée - feature of the French formal garden that was both a promenade and an extension of the view. |
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| A method of pruning and training certain plants into formal shapes such as animals. |
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| John Constable. The Hay Wain, oil painting. 1821. Romantic Style. |
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| Euonymus / Spindle Tree shrub - wood used for making spindles for spinning wool |
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| New York’s Central Park. Designed 1858 by Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux |
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| serpentine pathway, Central Park, c. 1870. |
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| Sheep’s meadow at Central Park |
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| Calvert Vaux. The Moorish Bridge, Central Park, designed 1858. |
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| Calvert Vaux. The Dairy Barn, Central Park, designed 1858. |
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| Calvert Vaux. The Belvedere (beautiful view) Castle, Central Park, designed 1858. |
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| Cleopatra’s Needle, Central Park, ancient Egyptian obelisk, a gift from the Sultan of Egypt, set up 1881. |
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| Iowa State campus in 1922 |
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| Anson Marston. The Marston Water Tower, ISU campus. 1897. |
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| Nicolaus Poussin. The Burial of Phocion, oil painting. 1645. Classical Style. |
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| peaceful Athenian general and statesman accused of treachery by the Athenian demagogue Agnonides , for he had refused to attack Nicanor. He was sentenced to death. |
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| Grant Wood. American Gothic, 1930. Oil on composition board. Regionalist Style. |
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| Raymond Hughes, 8th president of Iowa State commissioned public art during the depression |
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| Grant Wood. Preliminary pencil sketch for American Gothic, 1930. |
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| Typical American Daguerreotype portrait, c. 1850. |
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| Nan Wood Graham and Byron McKeeby standing next to Grant Wood’s American Gothic. |
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| house at Eldon, IA, used as background for American Gothic. |
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| Piet Mondrian. Composition, 1930. Oil on canvas. Constructivist Style. |
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| Works Progress Administration - provided jobs and income to the unemployed during the Great Depression in the United States |
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| Grant Wood's dentist that served as a model in American Gothic |
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| early type of photograph, where the image is exposed directly onto a mirror-polished surface of silver bearing a coating of silver halide particles deposited by iodine vapor |
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| a term used to define a type of totally abstract (non-representational) relief construction, sculpture, kinetics and painting. |
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| Käthe Kollwitz. The Survivors, 1923. Lithograph print. Style: Die Neue Sachlichkeit. |
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| Giorgio De Chirico. Melancholy and Mystery of a Street, 1914. Oil painting on canvas. Style: Metaphysical Painting. |
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| Salvador Dali. The Persistence of Memory, 1931. Oil Painting on canvas. Style: Surrealism. |
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| Die Neue Sachlichkeit - art movement that arose in Germany in the early 1920s as an outgrowth of, and in opposition to, expressionism |
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| Die Traumdeutung (The Interpretation of Dreams), 1900 |
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| Zarathustra - Founder of Zoroastrianism |
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| Joan Miro. Rhythmic Figures, 1934. Oil painting on canvas. Style: Surrealism. |
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| Übermensch - posited by Nietzsche goal for humanity to set for itself in his book "Also Sprach Zarathustra" - All human life would be given meaning by how it advanced a new generation of human beings |
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| letzter mensch - describes the antithesis of the imagined superior being / weak-willed individual, one who is tired of life, takes no risks, seeks only comfort and security |
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| Meret Oppenheim. The Dessert, 1936. Dessert cup and rabbit fur. Style: Surrealism. |
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| René Magritte. The Human Condition, 1933. Oil painting on canvas. Style: Surrealism. |
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| René Magritte. The Treachery of Images, 1929. Oil painting on canvas. Style: Surrealism. |
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| "Exquisite Corpse" drawings made by Surrealists, c. 1930. |
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| body of ideas developed by Sigmund Freud / primarily devoted to the study of human psychological functioning and behavior |
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| german for estrangement / art movement that looks at ordinary objects in a different way |
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| the delusion that things (or everything, including the self) do not exist; a sense that everything is unreal |
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| Also sprach Zarathustra, 1883. philosophical novel by German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche |
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| The Interpretation of Dreams |
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| Die Traumdeutung , 1900 / book by psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud / book inaugurated the theory of Freudian dream analysis, which activity Freud famously described as "the royal road to the understanding of unconscious mental processes." |
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| a porch leading to the entrance of a building |
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| any of various elements that form the “foot,” or base, of a structure |
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| denotes a long sequence of columns joined by their entablature |
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| element consisting of the triangular section found above the horizontal structure (entablature) |
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| acroterium (acroteria)- an architectural ornament placed on a flat base called the acroter or plinth, and mounted at the apex of the pediment of a building |
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| sunken panels in the shape of a squares, rectangles, or octagons in a ceiling, soffit or vault. |
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| a structural element of architecture that resembles the hollow upper half of a sphere |
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| Latin word for eye / round opening in the top of a dome |
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| rosette - a round, stylized flower design |
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| lantern - steeple with openings through which light from outside can shine down to the crossing |
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| pendentive - a constructive device permitting the placing of a circular dome over a square room or an elliptical dome over a rectangular room |
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| cornice - horizontal molded projection that completes a building or wall; or the upper slanting part of an entablature located above the frieze |
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| cornice - a piece of stone jutting out of a wall to carry any superincumbent weight |
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| egg-and-dart - an ornamental device with quarter-round ovolo mouldings, consisting of an egg-shaped object alternating with an element shaped like an arrow/anchor/dart. |
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| dentil (dentilation) - Small blocks forming one of a long horizontal series |
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| a vertical structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below |
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| thinner in proportion (female) contains volutes / 8x diameter of base in height |
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| abacus - a flat slab forming the uppermost member or division of the capital of a column, above the bell. |
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| volute - a spiral scroll-like ornament that forms the basis of the Ionic order, found in the capital of the Ionic column |
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| the vertical segment of a column between the base and the capital. |
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| necking - A molding between the upper part of a column and the projecting part of the capital |
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| architrave - a molded or ornamental band framing a rectangular opening |
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| entablature - the upper section of a classical building, resting on the columns and constituting the architrave, frieze, and cornice. |
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| Shield or shield-shaped surface on which a coat of arms is depicted |
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| balustrade - a row of repeating balusters - small posts that support the upper rail of a railing. Staircases and porches often have balustrades |
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| the art of creating images with an assemblage of small pieces of colored glass, stone, or other materials. |
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| an individual tile in a mosaic, usually formed in the shape of a cube. |
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| Greek Key pattern - geometric waves represent taming nature/sea |
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| palmette - an artistic motif resembling the fan-shaped leaves of a palm tree. |
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| a flat decoration of floral or leaf forms |
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| pilaster - a slightly-projecting column built into or applied to the face of a wall. |
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| Corinthian order - characterized by a slender fluted column and an elaborate capital decorated with acanthus leaves and scrolls. |
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| used in the Corinthian order, one of the most common ornaments used to depict foliage |
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| the base or platform upon which a column, pedestal, statue, monument or structure rests |
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| concave molding at the base of a column |
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| small square components in the Doric capital |
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| any horizontal surface which spans across the top of columns or across the top of a wall |
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| bead-and-reel - an architectural motif, usually found in sculptures, moldings and numismatics |
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| Building lined with niches to receive urns |
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