Term
| What are the 3 common parts of a nucleotide? |
|
Definition
Deoxyribose
Nitrogen base
Phosphate |
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|
Term
| List the 4 types of nitrogen bases |
|
Definition
Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine |
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|
Term
| Where do nucleotide molecules connect to each other? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the pairing arrangement of nitrogen bases? |
|
Definition
Guanine pairs with Cytosine
Adenine pairs with Thymine |
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Term
| The structure of DNA is in a ___________ arrangement. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What does double helix mean? |
|
Definition
| arranged in a spiral-like formation, or a twisted ladder |
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|
Term
| The sides of DNA are made up of alternating _____________ and ___________ molecules. |
|
Definition
| phosphate and deoxyribose |
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|
Term
| The "steps" of DNA are made of ________________. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What bonds hold together the nitrogen bases? |
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| DNA is comprised of the _____ half and the __________ half. |
|
Definition
| gene half and complementary half |
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Term
|
Definition
| the process where DNA unzips and mRNA is made from the gene strand. mRNA carries information in DNA out to the ribosome to make proteins |
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|
Term
| What is Thymine replaced with in mRNA? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The process where the ribosome translates information found in mRNA to begin assembling protein. tRNA contains anti-codon that matches with a codon to bring amino acid into ribosome. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| bases that have 2 rings of carbon and nitrogen atoms, such as adenine and guanine |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| bases that have one ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms, such as cysotine and thymine |
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|
Term
| What is a complementary base pair? |
|
Definition
| the pairing of nitrogen bases in DNA (Cysotine with guanine, adenine with thymine) |
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|
Term
| 2 strands of DNA are held together by _________ bonds. |
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| a point mutation that inserts or deletes nucleotide bases |
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Term
|
Definition
| chemical or physical things in the environment that can cause mutations |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| a change in genetic information that can be inherited |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| a mutation that changes one or a few nucleotides |
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|
Term
| What are the 2 types of mutations? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 types of point mutations? |
|
Definition
| substitution, insertion, deletion |
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|
Term
| Which 2 point mutations result in a frameshift mutation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 chromosomal mutations? |
|
Definition
| deletion, inversion, translocation, duplication |
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|
Term
| Which types of mutations can add genes to a chromosome? |
|
Definition
| duplication, translocation |
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|
Term
| Which type of mutation takes genes away from a chromosome? |
|
Definition
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