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| Two characteristics of all systems |
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Definition
| Energy moves through and matter cycles within |
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| membrane bound organelles |
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| lack of membrane bound organelles; smaller |
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| ofder, evolutionary adaption, response to env, heat regualtion, energy processing, reproduction, growth and development |
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| characteristc of every cell |
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enclosed by membrane
all use DNA as genetic information |
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| negative feedback; positive feedback |
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| slow process, increase process |
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| bacteria (oldest), archaea, eukarya |
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| rods, spheres, pleomorphic |
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| extreme environments (hot springs, intestines) produce methane |
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| protists, plants, animals, fungi |
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| descent with modification-offspring slightly different; natural selection-not all of offspring survive to reproduce |
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| large molecules made of smaller subunits |
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| Types of macromolecules (4), in order of abundancy |
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Definition
| proteins, Nucleic Acid (DNA), carbohydrates, lipids |
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Definition
| long molecule of similar bilding blocks |
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| How do monomers form larfer molecules? |
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Definition
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| How are polymers broken down? |
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| nutrients (provide nrg), structure, store nrg, Convert nrg |
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| sismplest sugars, used for fuel, converted into organics, combined into polymers |
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| important structural polsaccharide (carb). found in exoskeletonss of insects and fungi |
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Definition
| Little infinity for H2o, nonpolar, hydrophobic, hydrocarbons |
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Definition
| membrane, nrg storage, insulation, hormone, vitamins, plant defense |
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| chain of carbon w/ carboxyl group |
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| max # of H atoms w/ no double bonds |
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| two fatty acids, phospate group instead of a third...hydrophili head an hydrophobic tail |
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Definition
| lipids characterised by a carbon skeleton consisting of four fused rings |
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Definition
| accelerate reactions, support, storafe, transport, hormones, response to stimuli, movement, desease protection |
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| type of protein that acts as a cataylst to sspeed up chemical reactions |
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| make up proteins there are 20 |
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| depends on chemical and physical conditions of proteins |
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| are protein molecules that assist in the proper folding of other proteins |
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| transmit hereditary information |
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| directs RNA synthesis...hydroxyl on sugar |
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| protein synthesis...H on sugar |
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| phosphate group, pentose sugar, nitrogenous base |
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| cytosine, uracil, thymine |
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| capsule, cell wall, plasmsa membrane, ribososmes, nucleoid, pili |
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| "net like" ribosomes, protien synthesis, smooth is where lipids are synthesized, carbs metabolized, store calcium, toxin detox |
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Definition
| shipping and recieving of vesicles procided by rough er...put into sacs |
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Definition
| membrane sac of enzymes, digest micromolecules autophagy (break down organelles) |
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| food, contractal, central |
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Definition
| own dna ribosomes, divide independently, respiration (hydrolized carbs release CO2) |
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Definition
| can dicide independently, |
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Term
| thylakoids, granum, stroma |
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Definition
| individual plates, stacks, fluid |
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| oxidation make hydrogen peroxide |
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| network of fibers extending through cell, mechanical suspposrt and movement |
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