Term
| Four categories of Diuretics |
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Definition
1. Loop (high ceiling) 2. Thiazide 3. K-sparing 4. osmotic **5th group = carbonic anhydrase I (not used as diuretic!!) |
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Term
| carbonic anhydrase inhibitor |
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Definition
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Term
| Acetazolamine works on what pt of kidney |
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Definition
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Term
Acetazolamine leads to incr excretion of what? causes? |
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Definition
bicarb, K alkaline urine -> met acidosis |
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Term
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Definition
RARELY as diuretic More commonly in glaucoma (topically) and Acute Mt. Sickness |
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Term
| SE of carbonic anhydrase I |
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Definition
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Term
Thiazide and Thiazide-like diuretics |
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Definition
HCTZ Chlorothiazide Metolazone Indapamide |
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Term
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Definition
-sulfa derivs -protein bound |
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Term
| Site of action of thiazides |
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Definition
DCT **reaches by by active secretion into PCT, traveling through kidney tubule and reaching site of action at DCT |
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Term
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Definition
inhibit Na/Cl symporter in DCT Na and K are excreted |
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Term
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Definition
Hypokalemia (met acidosis) hypomagnesemia hyperuricemia hyperglycemia hyperlipidemia |
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Term
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Definition
HTN, CHF renal dz Ca kidney stones cirrhosis pulm edema |
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Term
| which thiazide is better for tx of pts w/ impaired kidney fxn? |
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Definition
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Term
does HCTZ or indapamide have longer duration of action? |
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Definition
indapamide **also has some vasodilating effects = good for HTN!!! |
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Term
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Definition
Furosemide Torsemide Bumetanide |
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Term
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Definition
inhibit Na/K/Cl transporter in ascending limb LOH ****greatest diuresis of all groups |
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Term
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Definition
sulfa deriv high ceiling (prod more diuresis with lger dose) **rapidy diuresis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1. Pulm Edema 2. HF ascites 3. Hypercalcemia, Hyperkalemia 4. when renal impairment is <30ml/min |
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Term
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Definition
1. HYPOkalemia, calcemia, magnesemia 2.HYPERglycemia, uricemia 3. ototoxicity 4. dehydration |
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Term
| Do not use loops with what other drugs?? |
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Definition
| Aminoglycosides d/t ototoxic affects! |
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Term
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Definition
glycerin mannitol (IV) isosorbide urea |
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Term
| Effects of osmotic diuretics |
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Definition
1. increased uring volume 2. Na excretion dt accel flow 3. decr brain vol, ICP, IOP (mannitol) |
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Term
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Definition
-maintain high urine flow in decr renal blood flow, and solute overload from hemolysis and rhabdo -glaucoma -neuro cond w/ incr. cerebral edema |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
emergency of acute angle-closure glaucoma |
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Term
2 types of K sparing diuretics |
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Definition
1. Sodium channel blockers 2. Aldosterone antagonists |
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Term
| Sodium channel blocker K sparing diuretics |
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Definition
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Term
| Aldosterone Antag K sparing diuretics |
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Definition
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Term
which Na channel blocking k sparing duiretic is not metabolized |
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Definition
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Term
site of action of k sparing diuretics |
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Definition
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Term
| Triamterine and Amiloride work by |
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Definition
inhibiting the Na/K pump in DCT SAVE K LOSE Na |
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Term
| Uses of Triamterene and Amiloride |
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Definition
ADJUNCTS to CHF, HTN, (prevents K wasting) Hypokalemia |
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Term
| SE of triamterene and amiloride |
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Definition
Hyperkalemia careful if taking with other drugs that incr K (ACEI) |
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Term
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Definition
Competitively blocks aldosterone to the receptor in the DCT and Collecting Duct |
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Term
| when do you see effect of spironolactone |
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Definition
| several days after beginning tx |
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Term
| does spironolactone have an active metabolite? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
hypokalemia hyperaldosteronism (primary) polycistic ovarian sx and hirsutism |
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Term
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Definition
hyperkalemia gynecomastia impotence in men |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
similar to spironolactone BUT NO ENDOCRINE EFFECTS!! |
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