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Voluntarily choosing not to think about a piece of bad news |
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Indiana Jones using humor to express feelings of discomfort |
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Arsonist donates money to the fire department |
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Using one's aggression to succeed in business ventures |
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Realistically planning for future inner discomfort |
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Consciously postponing an inner conflict until after a big project is completed |
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Redirecting impulses to a socially favorable object |
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Not acknowledging a piece of bad news, as though it was never said |
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Involuntary withholding of a feeling from conscience awareness |
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A veteran that can describe horrific war details without any emotion |
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A child abuser was himself abused as a child |
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Man yells at his family when he has a bad day at work |
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A closet homosexual hate homosexuals because of the way they "make" him feel |
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Using intellectual processes to avoid affective expression |
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Belief that people are either all good or all bad |
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Expressing aggression through passivity, masochism, and turning against self |
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Believing an external source is responsible for unacceptable inner impulse |
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Changing ones character or personal identity to avoid emotional distress |
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Returning to an earlier level of maturation to avoid the conflict at the current maturational level |
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Offering an explanation for an unacceptable attitude/belief/behavior |
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A though that is avoided is replaced by an unconscious emphasis on the opposite |
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Converting mental conflicts into bodily symptoms |
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Temporarily inhibiting thinking but continuing to build more tension |
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Avoiding interpersonal intimacy to resolve conflict and obtain gratification |
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Extreme forms can result in multiple personalities |
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Chronically giving into an impulse to avoid tension from an unexpressed unconscious wish (tantrums) |
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Excessive need to be taken care of, submissive, clinging behavior, low self-confidence, fears of separation and losing support |
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Grandiosity, feels he is entitled to things, lack of empathy |
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Suicide attempts (leads to 15% mortality), unstable mood and behavior, sense of emptiness and loneliness, impulsiveness |
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Distrustful, suspicious, litigious |
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Lifelong voluntary social withdrawal, no psychosis, emotional expression is limited |
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Feelings of inadequacy, hypersensitive to rejection or criticism, socially inhibited |
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Constant mood of unhappiness and pessimism |
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Odd appearance, thoughts, and behavior, no psychosis, social awkwardness |
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Controlling, perfectionistic, orderly, stubborn, indecisive |
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Criminality, unable to conform to social norms, disregard for other's rights |
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Excessively dramatic, emotional, and extroverted; sexually provocative behavior, unable to maintain intimate relationships |
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What defense mechanism underlies all other defense mechanisms |
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