Term
| How is rabies usually transmitted? |
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Definition
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Term
| The rabies virus first attaches to ______ before penetrating ______ and moving to the ______. |
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Definition
| muscle cells; nerves; brain |
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Term
| On average, how long does it take before the rabies virus reaches the brain and can be detected? |
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Definition
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Term
| How long after reaching the brain does the rabies virus become evident in body secretions? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many stages does rabies have? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the first stage of rabies and when does it occur? |
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Definition
| Prodromal stage; 1-2 days after symptoms start |
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Term
| What is the second stage of rabies and when does it occur? |
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Definition
| Excitative stage; 2-3 days after prodromal |
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Term
| What is the third stage of rabies and when does it occur? |
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Definition
| Paralytic (Dumb) stage; 2 days after excitative |
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Term
| What happens during the Prodromal stage of rabies? |
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Definition
| Personality change; friendly animals become shy; larynx spasms and voice changes |
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Term
| What happens during the Excitative stage of rabies? |
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Definition
| "Mad Dog"; hallucinations, no fear; larynx paralyzed, trouble swallowing, drooling and foaming |
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Term
| What happens during the Paralytic (Dumb) stage of rabies? |
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Definition
| Weak and paralyzed; breathing muscles paralyzed = fatal |
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Term
| In what stage are humans most often exposed to rabies? |
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Definition
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Term
| What animals often have rabies? |
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Definition
| Raccoons, skunks, foxes, coyotes, bats |
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Term
| How do dogs catch distemper? |
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Definition
| Contact with infected respiratory secretions or urine |
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Term
| Nearly every dog is exposed to ______ in its lifetime. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are initial symptoms of canine distemper? |
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Definition
| Eye/nose discharge, fever, loss of appetite, coughing |
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Term
| What are symptoms of the second stage of canine distemper? |
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Definition
| Vomiting, diarrhea, hardened foot and nose pads |
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Term
| Symptoms of progressed distemper include... |
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Definition
| seizures, tremors, imbalance, limb weakness; can be fatal |
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Term
| How is canine hepatitis spread? |
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Definition
| Feces, urine, blood, saliva, nasal discharge |
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Term
| How is canine hepatitis contracted? |
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Definition
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Term
| The canine hepatitis virus first goes to the ______ before moving to the _______ and ________. |
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Definition
| tonsils; liver and kidneys |
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Term
| What is the incubation period for canine hepatitis? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are symptoms of canine hepatitis? |
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Definition
Fever, depression, loss of appetite, coughing, tender abdomen
Liver disease - jaundice, vomiting, bleeding disorders
Death can occur, but most dogs recover |
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Term
| What is a common cause of respiratory infection in dogs? |
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Definition
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Term
| Parainfluenza is responsible for the majority of cases of ______, _______, and some ______. |
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Definition
| croup; bronchitis; pneumonias |
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Term
| Parvo attacks the _______ tract. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Severe diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration |
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Term
| How is parvo transmitted? |
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Definition
| Feces; can be dragged by people/animals walking |
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Term
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Definition
| Fecal test; but bloody diarrhea/low WBC cell in unvaccinated dog indicate parvo |
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Term
| Coronavirus causes highly contagious _____ disease. |
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Definition
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Term
| Coronavirus attacks the ____ _______. |
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Definition
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Term
| Symptoms of coronavirus include... |
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Definition
| diarrhea, vomiting, anorexia; often no symptoms in mild cases |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
A serious disease occurs when a dog has both _______ and ________.
Why? |
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Definition
Coronavirus; parvovirus
Corona makes intestinal cells weaker and more susceptible to parvo infection |
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Term
| How is bordetella transmitted? |
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Definition
| Direct contact and airborne |
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Term
| What is a symptom of bordetella? |
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Definition
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Term
| Usually, kennel cough goes away on its own in ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Kennel cough can be treated with ______ and _____ ________. |
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Definition
| antibiotics; cough suppressants |
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Term
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Definition
| Walking, swimming, drinking infected water or soil; or contact with infected dog |
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Term
| How does lepto enter bloodstream? |
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Definition
| Cut in skin, or mucous membranes |
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Term
| What is important to note about lepto? |
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Definition
| It is zoonotic and prevalent in this area |
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Term
| What are symptoms of lepto? |
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Definition
| vomiting, diarrhea, weakness, depression, jaundice |
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Term
| Severe cases of lepto can lead to... |
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Definition
| kidney and liver failure, and death |
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Term
| Lyme disease is transmitted by _____ _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Deer ticks must be attached for at least _____ hours for them to transmit Lyme. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are initial symptoms of Lyme disease? |
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Definition
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Term
| Lyme diseases symptoms progress until... |
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Definition
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Term
| Lyme disease can progress in ______ ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| Untreated, Lyme can affect the ____ and _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Lyme disease can lead to _________ disease. |
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Definition
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Term
| Canine influenza virus is new. Why is this important? |
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Definition
| Most dogs have no natural immunity to it |
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Term
| Canine influenza has been found in... |
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Definition
| shelters, boarding, vet clinics, anywhere there are multiple dogs |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| direct contact, cough/sneeze, contaminated surface |
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Term
| What are symptoms of CIV? |
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Definition
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Term
| What makes CIV difficult to diagnose? |
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Definition
| Symptoms are non-specific |
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Term
| CIV can progress to _______. |
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Definition
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Term
| What does feline distemper (panleukopenia) cause? |
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Definition
| fever, vomiting, diarrhea, immune suppression, anemia, death |
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Term
| Feline distemper is similar to canine ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Do indoor only cats need the 3 in 1 vaccine? Why or why not? |
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Definition
| Yes. Distemper can be brought into house on shoes, clothes, etc. |
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Term
| What are signs of feline rhinotrachitis (herpes) and calicivirus (flu)? |
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Definition
| runny eyes/nose, ulcers on mouth and tongue, coughing, sneezing, fever, pneumonia, loss of appetite, inactivity |
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Term
| Cat infected with rhinotrachitis or calicivirus can have the disease for how long? |
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Definition
| Life, with persistent or recurring disease |
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Term
| How long is a cat with rhinotrachitis (herpes) contagious? |
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Definition
| couple of weeks after a stressful event; recurs |
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Term
| How long is a cat with calicivirus (flu) contagious? |
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Definition
| several months, but no recurrence |
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Term
| How are rhinotrachitis (herpes) and calicivirus (flu) transmitted? |
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Definition
| Discharges (mucus) and secretions (saliva and tears); shared food bowls and people |
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Term
| What is important to note about feline rhinotrachitis and calicivirus? |
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Definition
| They can be passed to humans |
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Term
| What is feline chlamydiosis (pneumonia)? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are signs of feline chlamydiosis (pneumonia)? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why isn't feline chlamydiosis (pneumonia) considered a core vaccine? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a problem with feline bordetella? |
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Definition
| Often there are no clinical signs, even while the cat is a carrier |
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Term
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Definition
| Saliva, nasal secretions (sharing a food dish); sometimes urine, feces, and milk |
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Term
| Is there a cure for FeLV? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| fever, anemia, appetite loss, inactivity |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| FeLV is common in _____ and ______ cats. |
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Definition
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Term
| How many cats out of 100 have FeLV? |
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Definition
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Term
| 99% of FeLV positive cats will die within _____ ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| 50% of FeLV positive cats will die within _____ ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| A cat with FeLV may appear normal but still be infected for up to __ _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the average life expectancy for FIV positive cats? |
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| How can life be prolonged in an FIV positive cats? |
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Definition
| Treating secondary infections |
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Term
| Why isn't the FIV vaccine given often? |
|
Definition
| Chances of FIV being passed to other cats in household is low as long as there is no fighting |
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Term
| What should be done with an FIV positive cat? |
|
Definition
| Treat infections, keep indoors, microchip, isolate from other cats in house if necessary |
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|
Term
| How do ferrets get distemper? |
|
Definition
| Contact with other infected animals |
|
|
Term
| What are signs of distemper in ferrets? |
|
Definition
Dermatitis - swollen, crusty, orange skin around chin and lips; rash around anus; thickened foot pads; eyelids stick together
Anorexia, depression, fever, sensitivity to light, discharge around eyes or nose, cough |
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