Term
| Central tolerance is achieved via clonal __________ while peripheral tolerance is achieved via clonal _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which HLA is associated with ankylosing spondylitis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which HLA is associated with insulin dependent diabetes? |
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Definition
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Term
| Type I hypersensitivity reaction is called _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Type II hypersensitivity reaction is called __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Type III hypersensitivity reaction is called ________________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Type IV hypersensitivity reaction is called _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F A hypersensitivity reaction does not require prior exposure to the antigen. |
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Definition
| False, it occurs after primary sensitization |
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Term
| What are the primary and secondary mediators of anaphylaxis? |
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Definition
primary: histamine, Eosinophil chemotactic factor (ECF), enzymes
secondary: leukotrienes, prostaglandins, PAF, IL-1, IL-3, TNF, etc. |
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Term
| What hypersensitivity reaction is mediated by IgE binding to mast cells (tissue basophils)? |
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Definition
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Term
| Asthma, Hayfever, angioedema, and urticaria (hives) are all examples of _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which hypersensitivity reaction involves humoral antibodies injuring cells by predisposing them to phagocytosis or lysis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which antibodies mediate cytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do antibodies harm cells in type II hypersensitivity reaction? |
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Definition
| via complement dependent reactions, antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity or by antibody mediated cellular dysfunction |
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Term
| Hemolytic transfusion reactions or hemolytic disease of the newborn are both due to ________ HSR. |
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Definition
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Term
| Myasthenia gravis is due to which type of HSR? |
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Definition
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Term
| Goodpasture syndrome (anti-GBM disease) is due to _______ HSR. |
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Definition
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Term
| Bullous pemphigoid is due to ______ HSR. |
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Definition
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Term
| Pernicious anemia is due to ____________ HSR. |
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Definition
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Term
| Acute rheumatic fever is due to _______ HSR. |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe Immune Complex HSR? |
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Definition
| humoral antibodies bind antigens, activate complement, and attract neutrophils that release lysosomal enzymes that cause tissue damage. This also causes generalized or localized immune complex deposition. |
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Term
| Does type III hypersensitivity rxn deal with self or foreign antigens? |
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Definition
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Term
| Glomerulonephritis is an example of ____ HSR. |
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Definition
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Term
| SLE is an example of ________ HSR. |
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Definition
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Term
| RA is an example of _______ HSR |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| involves tissue injury in which cell mediated immune responses with sensitized T-lymphocytes cause cellular and tissue injury |
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Term
| What are the cytokines associated with type IV HSR? |
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Definition
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Term
| Granulomatous inflammation is an example of _____ HSR. |
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Definition
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Term
| Sarcoidosis is an example of ______ HSR. |
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Definition
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Term
| Contact dermatitis is due to ______ HSR. |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of transplate rejections is due to vessels being occluded? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F A surgeon can tell during surgery if the patient is experiencing hyperacute rejection. |
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Definition
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Term
| Loss of what kind of immune tolerance causes autoimmune disease? |
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Definition
| probably breakdown of T cell anergy; failure of activation induced T cell death and T cell mediated suppression |
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Term
| What are the mechanisms of injury in autoimmune disease? |
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Definition
| predominantly antibody mediated (type III) but also cell mediated mechanisms to a lesser extent |
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Term
| What are a few of the major systems adversely affected by SLE? |
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Definition
| kidney, heart, joints, CNS |
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Term
| T/F Sjogren syndrome, systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis/polymyositis, RA, mixed connective tissue disease, and polyarteritis nodosa are all examples of autoimmune disease. |
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Definition
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Term
| X linked agammaglobulinemia is aka... |
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Definition
| bruton's agammaglobulinemia |
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Term
| How can SCID be inherited genetically? |
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Definition
| can be x-linked or autosomal recessive |
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Term
| What enzyme is deficient in the autosomal recessive form of SCID? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three phases of AIDS? |
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Definition
| 1) acute phase, 2) middle, chronic, latent phase 3) final crisis, terminal phase |
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Term
| Name a few of the opportunistic infections associated with AIDS. |
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Definition
| pneumocystosis, toxoplasmosis, cyrptosporidiosis, candidiasis, cryptococcosis, mycobacterial (TB, MAC, etc.), CMV, herpes |
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Term
| Name the neoplasms associated with AIDS. |
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Definition
| kaposi sarcoma, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma |
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Term
| Are amyloids intracellular or extracellular? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does progressive accumulation of amyloids injure cells? |
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Definition
| it causes pressure atrophy of adjascent cells |
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Term
| Is reactive lymphadenopathy benign hyperplasia or a neoplasm? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F All monoclonal gammopathies are malignant neoplasms. |
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Definition
| false, some are just benign and of undetermined significance |
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Term
| T/F Non-hodgkin's lymphoma is a malignant lymphoma. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are two examples of plasma cell dyscrasias? |
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Definition
| multiple myeloma and waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia |
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