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Disease
pathophysiology, pathongenic organisms, tumors, cancer, inflammation
54
Anatomy
12th Grade
11/13/2011

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Term
health
Definition
physical, mental, social well being
Term
disease
Definition
an abnormality in body function that threatens health
Term
etiology
Definition
the study of the factors that cause a disease
Term
idiopathic
Definition
refers to a disease with an unknown cause
Term
signs
Definition
objective abnormalities
Term
symptoms
Definition
subjective abnormalities
Term
pathogenesis
Definition
the pattern of a disease's development
Term
epidemiology
Definition
study of the occurrence, distribution, transmission of disease
Term
endemic
Definition
native to a local region
Term
epidemic
Definition
affects many people at the same time
Term
pandemic
Definition
widespread
Term
mechanisms of diseases
Definition
genetic mechanisms, pathogenic organisms, malnutrition, tumors and cancer, physical and chemical agents, autoimmunity, inflammation, degeneration
Term
risk factors
Definition
genetic factors, age, lifestyle, stress, environment, preexisting conditions
Term
structure of a virus
Definition
intracellular parasites, nucleic acid core with protein coat
Term
function of a virus
Definition
invade host cells and pirate organelles and raw materials
Term
classification of a virus
Definition
shape, nucleic acid type, method of reproduction
Term
structure of bacteria
Definition
tiny cells without a nucleus
Term
function of bacteria
Definition
secrete toxins, botulism
Term
classification
Definition
gram-positive, gram-negative, aerobic, anaerobic
Term
shape
Definition
bacilli,cocci, spirochete
Term
structure of fungi
Definition
similar to plants but lack chlorophyll
Term
two types of fungi
Definition
yeasts (single celled) molds (multicellular)
Term
structure of protozoa
Definition
one celled with nucleus
Term
function of protozoa
Definition
infests human fluids and parasitize cells
Term
types of protozoa
Definition
amoebas, flagellates, ciliates, sporozoa
Term
types of pathogens
Definition
nematodes, platyheminths, arthropods
Term
mechanisms of transmission
Definition
person to person, environmental, opportunistic invasion, vector
Term
prevention and treatment strategies
Definition
vaccination and destroy pathogens
Term
neoplasms
Definition
abnormal growths of cells
Term
benign tumors
Definition
remain localized
Term
malignant
Definition
tumors spread, forming secondary tumors
Term
metastasis
Definition
cells leave a primary tumor and start a secondary tumor at a new location
Term
benign, epithelial tumors
Definition
papilloma, adenoma, nevus
Term
benign, connective tissue tumors
Definition
lipoma, osteoma, chondroma
Term
carcinomas (malignant epithelial tumors)
Definition
melanoma, adenocarcinoma
Term
sarcomas (connective tissue cancers)
Definition
lymphoma, osteosarcoma, myeloma, fibrosarcoma
Term
hyperplasia
Definition
growth of too many cells
Term
anaplasia
Definition
development of undifferentiated cells
Term
factors that play a role in causing cancer
Definition
genetic factors, carcinogens, age, injury, viruses
Term
pathogenesis of cancer
Definition
early detection, staging, grading, cachexia, causes of death, treatments
Term
methods of detecting cancers
Definition
self exam, diagnostic imaging, biopsy, blood tests
Term
staging
Definition
classifying tumors by size and extent of spread
Term
grading
Definition
assess the likely pattern of a tumor's development
Term
cachexia
Definition
syndrome including appetite loss, weight loss, and general weakness
Term
causes of death by cancer
Definition
secondary infections, organ failure, hemorrhage, and undetermined factors
Term
treatments
Definition
surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, laser therapy, immunotherapy, vaccines
Term
function of inflammatory response
Definition
reduces injury to tissues
Term
signs of inflammation
Definition
redness, heat, swelling, and pain
Term
inflammation mediators
Definition
histamine, prostaglandins, kinins
Term
functions of mediators 1
Definition
some cause blood vessels to dilate, increasing blood volume (redness and heat)- white blood cells travel quickly to injury site
Term
functions of mediators 2
Definition
some increase blood vessel permeability (causing swelling or edema and pain)- white blood cells move easily out of vessels, irritant is diluted, and exudate accumulates
Term
functions of mediators 3
Definition
some attract white blood cells to injury site (chemotaxis)
Term
inflammation can be either
Definition
local or systemic
Term
fever
Definition
high body temperature caused by a resetting of the body's thermostat- destroys pathogens and enhances immunity
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