Term
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Definition
| -Disease never existed until Pandora opened "Pandora's Box" |
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Term
| Supernatural Point of View |
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Definition
-everything is because of gods
-we have to appease the gods with offerings to avoid sickness
-this view dominated; Egyptians, Chinese, Inca Empire |
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Term
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Definition
disease happens because of what is on the planet
-both views have existed at the same time |
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Term
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Definition
-Egyptians used embalming, mummification
-Inca Empire 13th Century; public health systems, cleanliness
-Chinese; herbal treatments, acupuncture
-Biblical; leprosy, leper colonies |
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Term
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Definition
Adopted supernatural POV but moved towards a natural POV
-Greeks first to regard disease as natural origins
-Rudiments of Science: experiments, scientific thinking
-believed everything in natural world composed of four elements, fire earth water air |
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Term
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Definition
created a typology of human temperaments based on humor imbalance.
blood (sanguine-extroverted/social)
black bile (melancholic/creative)
yellow bile (choleric/energy, passion, charisma)
phlegm (phlegmatic-dependability, kindness, affection) |
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Term
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Definition
-Propose that microorganisms are the cause of many diseases
-Microorganisms were first observed by Anton van Leeuwenhoek (father of microbiology, describe single celled organisms as animalcules)
-Physican Nicolas Andry aruged that microorganisms he called worms were responsible for smallpox and other diseases |
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Term
| World's 1st Vaccine Smallpox |
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Definition
Jenner's new vaccine. Deduced that infection w/ cowpox, related virus, provided immunity
-W/in 10 yrs vaccination used through much of world
-1979: WHO declared eradicated |
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Term
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Definition
-1876 German doctor Koch shows that anthrax is caused by bacterium dormant for many years
-Pas develops vaccine for anthrax by attenuating bacterium in chickens, then for rabies
-koch later developed an less than perfect vaccine for TB |
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Term
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Definition
| An outbreak or rapid spread of disease |
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Term
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Definition
| A disease affecting the majority of the population of a region, or which is epidemic at the same time in many different parts of the world |
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Term
| Major Pandemics in History Leo |
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Definition
-Leprosy -Syphilis -Plague
-Influenza (1918) -AIDS (late 20th century) |
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Term
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Definition
-Hansen's disease
-Bible describes as infectious disease
-Societies declared Lepers dead, took their rights
-Isolation into colonies, burned villages |
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Term
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Definition
Mycobacterium leprae
-replicates in extremities of body
-nerve, damage, loss of pain
-up to 20 yrs to develop symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
Etiological agent: Yersina pestis
(treatable w/ antibiotics)
-Swollen lymph nodes
Host: Rats Vector: fleas |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| An organism that is infected with or is fed upon by a parasitic or pathogenic organism (for example, a virus, nematode, fungus). The host does not benefit and is usually harmed. |
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Term
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Definition
| An organism or vehicle that transmits the causative agent or disease-causing organism from the reservoir to the host. |
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Term
| Sexually Transmitted Infections |
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Definition
-Historicaly, 2 venereal diseases
-Syphilis (Treponema palladium)
-Gonorrhea (Neisseria gonorheae) |
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Term
| Transmission by Gathering for Sexual Congruence |
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Definition
-Ancient Rome; Baths of Caricola "cellae fornica"
-Closing of bathhouses in 15th and 16th centuries
-Closing of bathhouses in San Francisco mid 1980's to reduce spread of HIV |
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Term
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Definition
-Affected people between 20-40
-American troops carried to Europe
-Circled the globe in 4mths
-15-25 million died(more than ww1) |
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Term
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Definition
| Medical research based on case reports and statistical analysis, rather than on clinical or laboratory experimentation |
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Term
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Definition
| number (fraction or percent) of infected persons in a given population in a particular point in time of a year) |
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Term
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Definition
| number (fraction or percent) of new cases of disease in a given time period (usually per year) |
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