Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Disease class
ch 7 exam
33
Health Care
Undergraduate 1
12/10/2011

Additional Health Care Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Enviroment



 

Definition
conditions, circumstances, and or influences which surround us and affect the quality of our health and life
Term
Ecology
Definition
study of the relationships between organisms and their environments. (aka enviormental biology)
Term
Ecosystems
Definition
Life supporting systems for living things
Term
Physical Environment- give example
Definition
Volcano
Term
Biological environment - give example
Definition
body of water, swamp
Term
Socio-cultural enviorment 
Definition
college campus 
Term
self-specific environment- give ex)
Definition

nursing home

 

- place that shares same culture, behavior, belief, etc

Term
Political environment- give ex
Definition
community forum
Term
ecostyems environment- give ex
Definition

exs) forest, pond, prarie, coral reef

 

life supporting system for living things

 

often separated by oceans, moutain ranges, deserts

Term
Bodily enviroment- give ex
Definition



Internal environment of passages that permit contact with outside environment.


example- womb in women, or lungs

Term
Geographic (specific place) environments - give ex
Definition

ex New England

 

distinct locations that possess unique features or characteristics

 

significant features:

mountains

open land

trash dumps

 

Term
Which type of enviorment is the "key" environment for health?
Definition
Physical environment
Term
How does the physical environment influence our health DIRECTLY and INDIRECTLY?
Definition

Directly- exposure to toxic, allergenic, or infectious agents

 

Indirectly- through influencing behaviors, and through affecting mental health and well being

Term
What are the three laws that govern the effects of the environment on people's health? and what is meant by "latent environemtal effect"?
Definition

1) ALL things are connected

 

2)EVERYTHING goes someplace

 

3)No such thing as a "free lunch" . Money must be paid to dispose trash or wastes

 

Latent environmental effect is something that will soon effect the environment when it manifests

Term
3 reasons why the environment is so important?
Definition

1) Makes all life possible

 

2) Determines our quality of life

 

3)Represents the context(setting) for all environment risk factors especially disease

Term
What does the term"environmental health" mean? and what does it comprise?
Definition

it comprises those aspects of human health disease, and injury that are dtermined or influenced by factors inthe environment. 

 

comprises those aspects of human health, including quality of life, that are determined by physical, chemical, biological, social and psychosocial factors in the environment. 

Term

Define- environmental risk factor

 

Definition
an environmental or behavioral factor that is associated with icreasing the risk of a particular illness or of death. 
Term
Define- risk agent 
Definition
a known causal factor, ex AIDS or Malaria
Term
what are the 3 most serious public health problems connected to the environment?
Definition

people

vector borne diseases

water and air contamination

food contamination

 

Term
what are the 11 common environmental health risks?
Definition
1.Vector-borne diseases
2.Climate change
3.Toxic hazards-wastes-substances
4.Outdoor air quality
5.Water quality
6.Healthy homes and buildings
7.Global environmental health
8.Radiation
9.Nutrition and malnutrition
10.Natural hazards and disasters
11.Occupational hazards
Term
what are the four different types of radiation that present health risks?
Definition

electromagnetic fields (ex. microwaves and cell phones)

 

1)  Ionizing radiation (ex. nuclear weapons,  nuclear medicine, soil, water )

 

2)  Radon (ex. home and workplace... causes a majority of deaths from lung caner each yr globally)

 

3)  Ultraviolet (ex. from the sun, benefical if minute amount... too much leads to skin cancer and cataract and could reduce the effectiveness of the immune system)

Term
what are EMFs and what suspected dangers do they present?
Definition
electormagnetic fields.. suspected dangers are one of the most common and fastest growing environmental influences, about which anxiety and speculation are spreading.
Term
what are the 5 most common disease vectors? which is the most deadly? which disease has the highest incidence worldwide?
Definition

1) flea

2)fly

3)rodent

4)mosquito

5)tick

 

Mosquito

 

Malaria

Term
what health problems are most closely linked to poor outdoor air quality?
Definition

premature death

 

cancer

 

long term damage to respiratory and cardiovascular systems

Term
how does climatic change affect the disease incidence/prevalence/and outbreaks?
Definition

climatic changes already are estimated to cause over 150,000 deaths anually as a result from floods, tsunamis, hurricanes, and tornados.

 

changes in temp. and rainfall conditions also may nfluence transmission patters for many diseases, including diarrhea, vector-borne infections, including malaria. 

 

greenhouse gas emissions would increase disease burdens, 

Term
what are the two highest risk occupations and what factors make them the most dangerous occupations?
Definition

miners and commercial fishers

 

Risk of Exposure

 

Biological pathogens
Dusts,
Toxic chemicals                                Occupational risks:

 

                                                         •Immediate problems
                                                          •Permanent injuries
                                                           •Long term effects
                                                             •Injuries (ergonomic and repetitive                 
Term
what are sick buldiing s and what are the major causes of sick buildings?
Definition

SIck Buildings Syndrome - a combo of ailments ( a syndrome) associated with an individuals place of work (office building) or residence

 

Major causes

- old buildings

-construction/materials/design

-poor maintenance 

Term
how do toxic wastes travel from their initial source?
Definition
they travel by air, groundwater and surface water runoff into streams, lakes, and rivers where they can accumulate. 
Term
what are point and non point sources of water contamination?
Definition

point examples - industrial sites

 

non-point- agricultural runoff

Term
are homes and workplaces really that safe? what are the most common facts affecting the health of home or work environments?
Definition

-indoor air polution

-inadequate heating, 

-cooling

-sanitaion

-lead based paint on walls

Term
who represent the most disease senstive populations, and why?
Definition

people living near lakes teeming with mosquitoes are high risk. water sources, etc. 

mexico

jamaica

 

depending where u live depends onthe diseases and how they occur

Term
why are occupational diseases related to cancer so difficult to study and what are four high risk exposures?
Definition

diffucult to study becaues of the long latent periods between the time of exporuse to the causal agents and the time of diagnosis. 

 

asbestos

 

mesothelioma

 

exposure to wood dust

 

 

Supporting users have an ad free experience!