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Digitization
Digitization of images, audio, video
32
Computer Science
Graduate
09/17/2008

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Cards

Term
Channels
Definition
audio channels, stereo and mono. mono has one track. stereo had 2 (L and R). CD contains stereo channels.
Term
Sampling Rate
Definition
Number of samples per second. 8,000 Hz - 96,000 Hz. CD is 44,100 Hz.
Term
Sampling Size
Definition
accuracy at which sound is samples: 8, 16, 24 bit. CD is 16 bit.
Term
Aspect Ration
Definition
refers to the ratio of the video width to length. TV 4:3, Widescreen 16:9, DV 3:2
Term
Color Depth (aka bit depth, pixel depth)
Definition
max. amount of color possible-- higher bit depth larger size
Term
Frame Rate
Definition
number of frames per second. smaller fps but more jerky. full motion 25-30 fps, web 10-15fps+
Term
KeyFrame
Definition
static frame in video -- fewer keyframes reduce data rate reduce quality
Term
requirements for viewing time based media
Definition
right software, right codec, processing power, bandwith
Term
Sampling Rate
Definition
44.1 kHz, 96 kHz, 192 kHz-- high rates reproduce sound more accurately
Term
Bit Depth (video)
Definition
16-bit - CD, 20-bit, 24-bit- DVD-- greater dynamic range
Term
Audio Archival Format
Definition
Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) as the capture/ encoding method; saved as WAV or AIFF
Term
Spoken Word
Definition
min 44.1
Term
field recordings
Definition
44.1 spoken, 96 nature sounds
Term
Musical Recordings
Definition
96
Term
Recordings low levels
Definition
192
Term
CD
Definition
44.1, 16 bit
Term
Characteristics of Analog Video
Definition
1) dynamic range of sound, 1 audio signal 3 video signals 2) Frame Rate 3) Aspect Ration
Term
Video Standards
Definition
Sample at 12-14 bits per video color channel (36-40 bits) and 24-bit for audio channels-- all digital formats compressed at this point -- motion JPEG 2000 may become standard
Term
16mm
Definition
2k resolutions
Term
35mm
Definition
4k resolution
Term
archival formats migration video
Definition
digibeta replacing Betacam SP-- for lower resolution born digital materials
Term
HD formats
Definition
D5- 4:1 comprssion, D6- Uncompressed, HD Cam- 8:1 compression
Term
Motion JPEG 2000
Definition
open source, lossless compression, compression ratios 1.5 tp 3:1 can be paired with MSF metadata schema
Term
MP3
Definition
cd quality, compression ration 10:1, 32,000, 44,100, 48,000 HZ, can be streamed
Term
AIF
Definition
Audio Interchange Format, not compressed, cannot be streamed
Term
text/line art
Definition
600 DPI bitonal (300 DPI grayscale deteriorating)
Term
illustrated art
Definition
600 DPI bitonal (300-400 DPI grayscale)
Term
Halftones
Definition
600 DPI bitonal 1.5 screening rule
Term
Archival Documents
Definition
300 DPI min- bitonal, grayscale, color based on legibility requirement. Paprri 600 DPI, 24 bit
Term
Photograph BW
Definition
8 bit grayscale min 300 DPI
Term
Photograph Color
Definition
24 bit color min 300 DPI
Term
Image Targets
Definition
MTF (modulation transfer function) -- detail & resolution
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