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| The output depends on any current, past, or future input. (EQ, reverb, delay, etc.) |
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| The output is not dependent on any current, past, or future input (pre-delay) |
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| Linear Time Invariant Filter (LTI) |
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| A digital filter where there is no harmonic distortion clipping, no intermodulation distortion, both linear and time invariant, is causal. |
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| LTI filter, both linear and time-invariant. |
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| A time domain signal that has as high of an amplitude as possible at 0, but has zero amplitude. Characterized by a loud, short sound. The shorter the signal, the wider the spectrum & vice versa. |
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| The response to an impulse, that contains all frequencies in an response at equal amplitudes. Works in the time domain. |
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The sum of every sample of the input signal, multiplied by the sum of every sample of the impulse, added together, produces a convolved signal.
-Convolved signals will be either scaled or delayed
-The output of the convolved signal should be N+M-1, where the length of output signal is one sample shorter than the sum of the lengths of the two convolved signals put together. |
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| Convolution in the time domain is equal to multiplication in the frequency domain. |
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1) Two signals are convolved together in the time domain
2) An FFT occurs to bring the two signals into the frequency domain
3) They are multiplied together; essentially convolving them
4) An IFFT occurs to bring the convolved signal back into the time domain. |
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Definition
A simple delay, which is added together towards the output Z-^1
*Multiplied by x[n] |
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Coefficients are subtracted together from the output.
*Multiplied by y[n] |
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Noncausal, LTI, Direct Form II
y[n] = [the sum of all feed forward] coefficients] x[n-i] - [the sum of all feedback coefficients] y [n-j] |
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| Finite Impulse Response Filter (FIR) |
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Definition
| A feedforward only filter. |
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| Infinite Impulse Response Filter (IIR) |
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Definition
| A feeback filter, that is potentially unstable. |
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Definition
1st order = y[n] = x[n] + x[n-1]
2nd order = y[n] = 0.5x[n] - 0.5 |
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| Impulse Response Equation |
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Definition
| x = [1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] |
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| Steady State Filter Response |
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Definition
| A stable input will produce a consistent output. |
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Definition
| an infinite impulse will produce and unstable, infinite response. IIR Filter. |
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| Transient Time (Decay TIme) |
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Definition
| The T60 of an impulse for an IIR Filter. The filter order divided by the sample rate for a FIR Filter. |
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Definition
| The distance from peak to peak. |
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| Center Frequency (fcenter, Q), Resonant Frequency |
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Definition
| One frequency is accentuated, while all others are sharply cutoff; determines the type of filter. |
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| Measuring the bandwidth of a filter |
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Definition
fcenter / bandwidth
Higher bandwidth = the smaller the center frequency will be, producing a duller filter.
Lower bandwidth = higher center frequency and a sharper filter. |
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| Quadratic Equation / Quadratic Equation |
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All frequencies are cancelled out at evenly spaced frequencies.
[1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0] = evenly spaced frequencies, close together [1 0 0 0] = widely spaced apart frequencies |
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