Term
| What are the functions of the Digestive System? |
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Definition
-Prehension of food -Digestion -Absorption -Explusion of the unabsorbed portion -Elimination of some other waste products
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Term
| Where are some places where we see differences between species? |
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Definition
-Teeth -Stomach -Large Intestine
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Term
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Definition
Prehension: Use of the mouth to take food into the body
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Term
| Where does absorption occur? |
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Definition
Absorption occurs in the stomach and mostly in the intestine
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Term
| What would be an example of elimination of some other waste products in the digestion system? |
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Definition
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Term
| What makes up the Digestive System? |
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Definition
1. Mouth 2. Ailmentary Canal: essentially a tube which runs from the pharynx to the anus
3. Glands that drain by ducts into the digestive tract: e.g -salivary glands -pancreas
4. Liver |
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Term
| What are mucocutaneous junctions? |
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Definition
Mucocutaneous junctions: where a mucous membrane meets the skin. ex. in the mucous membrane of the mouth, mucous membrane of the rectum-meets the mucous membrane of the skin. |
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Term
| What is the ailmentary tract made up of? |
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Definition
Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, and Large Intestine.
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Term
What is: -The cecum -The colon and Rectum |
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Definition
Cecum: A short, blind ending sac found at the ileocaecal junction. Colon: divided into the ascending, transverse and descending colon according to which direction the tube is running
Rectum:The area of the colon that lies within the pelvic cavity and terminates at the anal canal. The most cranial part is covered with peritoneum but deeper into the cavity it becomes surrounded by connective tissue and muscles, which attach it to the root of the tail. * The division between the rectum and colon is artifical. The rectum is directly continous.
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Term
| Whar are the 4 layers of the wall of every tubular organ? |
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Definition
1. Mucosa 2. Submucosa 3. Muscularis Externa 4. Serosa (not found in the esophagus)
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Term
| What does serosa line? What does the Adventitia Tunica line? |
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Definition
Serosa: is found inside the abdominal cavity ex. stomach, small intestine Tunica Adventitia: is found in the esophagus instead of serosa.
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Term
| What is the Muscularis Mucosa? |
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Definition
Muscularis mucosa is a thin layer of smooth muscle that limits the mucosa |
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Term
| What is the Muscularis Externa? |
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Definition
The muscularis externa has two layers; a circular layer of muscle and a longitudinal layer of msucle. |
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Term
| What are some examples of animals with a simple stomach? |
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Definition
Pigs, dogs, humans, and the horse
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Term
| What are some characteristics of Herbivores? |
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Definition
Herbivorous animals rely on Microbial Fermentation -Volatile Faty acids produces, these are metabolized by the animal and gas is produced. -They have spacious compartments in the ailmentary canal to facilitate microbial fermentation
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Term
| What is Microbial Fermentation? |
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Definition
Microbial Fermentation: Microogranisms breaking down food products. It occurs inside the digestive tract. The end products are volatile fatty acids (very short chains) and gas. |
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Term
| How long can food say in the compartment of the stomach in a cattle? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of spacious compartments in the ailmentary canal which facilitate microbial fermentation? |
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Definition
-Slow passage of food (allows time) -Constant temperature -Constant nutrient supply -Constant removal of waste products -creates an ideal environment
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Term
| What are some examples of animals with a compound stomach? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Pre and Post Enzymatic Digestion? |
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Definition
Pre-Enzymatic Digestion: fermentation is occuring in the first 3 compartments of the stomach Post Enzymatic Digestion: Ex. In the horse fermentation occurs in the large intestine after enzymes have acted on it in the stomach, small intestine, etc.
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Term
| What filles the left side of the abdominal cavity in cattle? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is visible when looking at the right side of a cow? |
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Definition
| Both the small and large intestine |
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Term
| What can be seen when looking at the abdominal vavity in the left side of the horse |
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Definition
| Both the small and large intestine |
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Term
| What can be seen when look at the right side of the abdominal cavity of the horse? |
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Definition
| The large intestine dominates the right view |
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Term
| Why is the small intestine very important? |
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Definition
1. Absorption of nutrients 2. Main site of enzymatic digestion |
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