Food is digested so that nutrients are small enough to enter the cell

A solution of mucus & water that contains:

-salivary amylase which begins digesting starch

-water to moisten food & prepare for swallowing

-mucus-antibacterial lysozyme & secretory antibodies

The mechanical process which moves the bolus through the esophagus

Dry, hard feces

-can be associated w/hemorrhoids

To relieve:

increase water intake

increase fiber intake

increase exercise

Produce gastric juice

-contain chief cells & parietal cells

Secrete pepsinogen which becomes pepsin

Produce HCL

Functions of HCL

(hydrochloric acid)

-Kills bacteria

-Activates pepsin from pepsinogen

-Breaks down connective tissue of meat

Duodenum- recieves pancreatic secretions & bile

Jejunum

Ileum- contains Peyer's Patches

-Digests almost all food

-Absorbs nutrients

-Transports undigested food to large intestine

-Cecum

-Colon- 4 portions

Ascending,Transverse,Descending,Sigmoid

-Rectum

-Anal Canal

-Absorbs water, salts, & some vitamins

-Transports waste & stores indigestible material until it is eliminated

Liver & Pancreas

-Food does not pass directly through them

-Detoxifies blood

-Produces plasma proteins

-Stores glucose as glycogen, maintain blood glucose

-Converts amino acids to glucose & urea

An overabundance of bile pigments in the blood

-Stores excess bile

-attatched to the liver

-bile leaves the gallbladder via the cystic duct

Have specialized functions

-Amylase produces maltOse

-MaltAse breaks down maltOse

Final Breakdown Prodcuts of:

Starch

Nucleic Acids

Proteins

Fats

Starch= Glucose

Nucleic Acids= Sugar, Phosphates, Nitrogenous bases

Proteins= Amino Acids

Fats= Fatty acids, Glycerol

Bingeing then purging

-can coexist w/obesity & anorexia

-alters blood composition

-stom acids can cause teeth to erode

Morbid fear of gaining weight

-distorted self image

-symptoms of starvation