Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the mechanical digestion of food? |
|
Definition
| Chewing food (mastication) |
|
|
Term
| What is the chemical digestion in mouth? |
|
Definition
| salivary amylase in saliva |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
begins to digest carbs as they enter mouth
In saliva
Needs a pH of 7 |
|
|
Term
| What absorption occurs in the mouth? |
|
Definition
| None, no absorption in mouth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Connects mouth to stomach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Top of esophagus
Keeps air out unless you swallow |
|
|
Term
| Gastroesophageal sphincter |
|
Definition
Bottom of esophagus
Keeps acid out of esophagus and in stomach
Prevents regurgitation |
|
|
Term
| Can you live without your stomach? |
|
Definition
| Yes, you can live without your stomach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
STORAGE TANK (main purpose)
Makes gastric juice
mixes food
Intrinsic factor (serves a a carrier to ileum, allows body to absorb vit B12) |
|
|
Term
| What disease would you get if you didn't have a stomach? |
|
Definition
Pernicious Anemia
-Your body couldn't absorb B 12 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Helps absorb vitamin B 12 |
|
|
Term
| What does the stomach digest? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How much protein does the stomach digest (%) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Purpose of stomach lining |
|
Definition
| protects stomach from gastric acid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Produce mucus in stomach
Alkaline to neutralize pH |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Protects stomach wall from acid
Reduces friction in digestive tract |
|
|
Term
| What do parietal cells produce (2) |
|
Definition
| Produce HCL and Intrinsic factor |
|
|
Term
| What do chief cells produce |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Mixes with HCL to produce pepsin
Bottom layer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Kills bacteria & organisms that could potentially be in food
Secreted in parietal cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 layers of stomach lining |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What drugs are absorbed in the stomach (2) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why can aspirin and alcohol produce ulcers? |
|
Definition
| Take off mucus covering in stomach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Acid eats away stomach lining
Happens when mucus doesn't protect stomach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ways the stomach's emptying is influenced by the small intestine |
|
Definition
FAT (most influential)
Acidity
Osmolarity
Distention
Hormonal |
|
|
Term
| Role in how fat controls stomach's emptying |
|
Definition
| An increase in fat in the small intestine decreases the amount stomach empties |
|
|
Term
| Role in how acidity of small intestine controls stomach's emptying |
|
Definition
| More acidic chyme that goes into small intestine, less stomach emptying |
|
|
Term
| Role in how osmolarity controls stomach's emptying |
|
Definition
| The more contents that are in the stomach, the greater the rate of emptying |
|
|
Term
| Role in how distention controls stomach's emptying |
|
Definition
Stretching of small intestine means less emptying in the stomach
Fat increases stomach stretching |
|
|
Term
| Role in how hormones control stomach's emptying |
|
Definition
| Cholecystokin and secretin decrease stomach digestion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
secrete gastrin into the blood
Stomach endothelial cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| secrete somatosatin (pancreas secretions) |
|
|
Term
| How much gastrin juice is produced per day? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ways stomach protects itself from self-digestion (3) |
|
Definition
Mucus production
Tight junctions
Rapid gastric epithelial cell production |
|
|
Term
| Layers of tissue in digestive tract wall (inner to outer) |
|
Definition
Mucosa
Submucosa
muscularis
Serosa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Function of islets of Langerhans (2) |
|
Definition
Produce Insulin and Glucagon
Blood sugar control |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Alkaline bicarbonate secretion
NaHCO3
neutralized stomach acid for the small intestine |
|
|
Term
| 5 secretions of acinar cells |
|
Definition
Pancreatic lipase (Fat digestion)
Pancreatic amylase (Carb digestion)
(Protein digestion)
Trypsin
Chymotrypsin
Carboxypeptidase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Release bile from gall bladder to small intestine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Does alot of things in digestive system
Put it down if you dont know what to do
Biochemical factory |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Blood vessels throughout liver and digestive system |
|
|
Term
| Enterohepatic circulation |
|
Definition
| Recycling of blood and nutrients in hepatic portal system |
|
|
Term
| Purpose of enterohepatic circulation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Storage tank for zinc, iron, vitamins
Detox
Protein synthesis
Removes and secretes cholesterol and billirubin
Fat metabolisim
Bile production |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Broken down red blood cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| emulsify (breakdown) fat in droplets |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| primary site of digestion and absorption of nutrients |
|
|
Term
| Regions in small intestine |
|
Definition
duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum -Most important |
|
|
Term
| Purpose of villi and microvilli (2) |
|
Definition
Increase surface area- "ficks law: increases rate of absorbtion of nutrients"
Move food down tract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
In small intestine on villi
Produce mucus, helps move food |
|
|
Term
| What does ileum (small intestine do) |
|
Definition
Recycles
Allows B 12 to function (intrinsic factor)
Absorbs pancreatic enzymes |
|
|
Term
| Fat digestion in small intestine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Protein digestion in small intestine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Carb digestion in small intestine |
|
Definition
| whatever carbs that remain |
|
|
Term
| Small intestine secretion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How much secretion is absorbed in small intestine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Large intestine secretions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Large intestine digestion |
|
Definition
| No digestion in large intestine |
|
|
Term
| Absorption in large intestine (2) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How much is left for defecation? |
|
Definition
|
|
